Traumatic and Acquired Brain Injury - BPOC 736, Module I, Chapter 30 Flashcards
What is “acquired brain injury”?
A brain injury that occurs after birth, no related to a congenital or degenerative disease; may disrupt the normal function of the brain
What impairments can result from acquired brain injury?
Physical, emotional, and intellectual difficulties
What is a traumatic brain injury?
An injury caused by a blow to the head or a penetrating head injury
What is a closed head injury?
The skull remains intact; the injury is to the tissue inside the skull
What is an open head injury?
An object penetrates the skull and enters the brain
Name examples of traumatic brain injuries.
Concussion, violence, blast injuries, struck by or against something, falls, motor vehicle crash, abusive head trauma, shaken baby syndrome, sports injuries
What is a nontraumatic brain injury?
Injuries caused by an internal event rather than an external force; are as serious and life-altering as TBIs
Name examples of nontraumatic brain injuries.
Stroke, drug-induced, anoxic brain injury, exposure to toxins, meningitis and encephalitis, brain tumors, near drowning, infection, aneurism
What is the leading cause of traumatic brain injury?
Falls
Who is at greatest risk of a TBI?
Children 0-4 and 16-19; adults 75+; domestic violence survivors; athletes; adult and juvenile offenders; homeless; veterans
Which lobe of the brain controls thought, memory, and behavior?
The Frontal Lobe
Which lobe of the brain controls hearing, learning, and emotions?
The Temporal Lobe
Which lobe of the brain controls breathing, heart rate, and temperature?
The Brain Stem
Which lobe of the brain controls visual processing?
The Occipital Lobe
Which lobe of the brain controls language and touch?
The Parietal Lobe
Which lobe of the brain controls balance and coordination?
The Cerebellum
Name some ways you can prevent brain injury in children.
Keep stairs and floors clear of clutters; secure area rugs, install window guards, use nonslip mats in bathtubs, use safety gates at the top and bottom of stairs, get swim lessons early (even babies can learn to swim); don’t allow children to play on ledges, fire escapes, and balconies; never leave children unattended in the bath or a pool
What is the acronym “PURPLE” used to convey?
P = Peak of crying U=Unexpected R=Resists Soothing P=Pain-Like Face L=Long Lasting E=Evening
What Texas law requires coaches and trainers for school districts be trained on managing concussions?
Natasha’s Law
When should you look for signs of brain injury?
Following motor vehicle crashes, falls, slips, and trips; falls from heights; domestic violence, child abuse, neglect assaults, when the head has been hit or jolted
What symptoms may indicate head injury?
Confusion and disorientation, loss of consciousness, severe headaches, nausea or vomiting, dizziness, blood or clear fluid draining from nose or ears, weakness, numbness, or tingling in limbs; trouble walking; slurred speech or vision; seizures
Name symptoms of a stroke.
Sudden numbness, tingling, weakness, or loss of movement, especially on only one side of the body; a sudden severe headache; sudden confusion or trouble understanding simple statements; sudden problems with walking or balance, sudden vision changes, sudden trouble speaking
What is the meaning of “FAST”?
F= Face drooping A=Arm weakness S=Speech difficulty T=Time to call 9-1-1
