Trauma Review Flashcards
Your patient is a 43-year-old female with a history of peanut allergy. She is complaining of dizziness after eating a casserole that she later discovered contained peanuts. Your physical examination reveals warm, diaphoretic skin; a blotchy, red rash covering her chest and arms; and lung sounds that are clear and equal bilaterally. HR = 122, BP = 124/76, RR = 15 and regular, SaO2= 97%. In addition to providing oxygen, appropriate treatment for this patient includes:
IV with crystalloid solution such as lactated Ringer’s or normal saline, epinephrine 1:1000 SC, diphenhydramine IV.
Your patient is a 27-year-old man with one stab wound at the fifth intercostal space posteriorly, on the right. He is ambulatory at the scene, but dyspneic and has air movement at the site of the injury. Which of the following should you do first?
Prepare an occlusive dressing.
Your patient is a 36-year-old female, conscious and alert, sitting at her desk and complaining of a rash and itchiness after taking a sulfa antibiotic. Physical examination reveals warm and dry skin, urticaria on her chest and back, lung sounds that are clear and equal bilaterally. HR = 100, BP = 132/78, RR = 14, SaO2= 98%. Which of the following is the most appropriate treatment for this patient?
Oxygen, IV crystalloid solution, 0.5 mg epinephrine SC, 25 mg diphenhydramine IV, albuterol 5 mg via nebulizer
is a complication of sealing a sucking chest wound
Tension pneumothorax
Which of the following statements regarding septic shock is true?
Much of the cardiac decompensation is reversible.
Anaphylactic shock is a severe, life-threatening allergic reaction that produces systemic _______ in response to histamine release
vasodilation
The standard dose of diphenhydramine for anaphylaxis is:
25-50 mg.
As a patient with hemorrhagic blood loss becomes more acidotic, what homeostatic process is usually impaired?
Coagulation
In response to fever, the patient’s metabolic needs will:
increase.
Your patient is a 46-year-old male who is unconscious on his front lawn after being stung by a bee. You note angioneurotic edema. HR = 132, BP = 76/40, RR = 24 and shallow. You should first:
administer oxygen.
The morbidity associated with simple pneumothorax is primarily due to which of the following?
Ventilation/perfusion mismatch
You have arrived on the scene of a woman who was shot at her residence. The scene has since been secured. Your patient is a 38-year-old woman with one gunshot wound to the left side of the chest at the fifth intercostal space in the midaxillary line. She is pale, cool, and awake but agitated. She is diaphoretic and complaining of pain in her left side and difficulty breathing. Fire has applied oxygen by nonrebreather mask and placed an occlusive dressing over the entry wound before your arrival. As you continue your assessment, the patient’s level of consciousness decreases. She responds to verbal stimuli. Her airway is clear, her respiratory rate is 38 per minute and shallow, her neck veins are flat, and her breath sounds are absent on the left side. The patient lacks a radial pulse, and her abdomen is non-guarded and non-tender. Which of the following best explains the presentation of this patient?
Hemothorax
You are treating a patient you suspect may be suffering from septic shock. You should consider fluid and pressor therapy to maintain a mean arterial pressure (MAP) of:
above 60 mmHg.
Your partner experiences an itchy, red rash on her hands that stops at the wrists after using a new brand of glove your service purchased. Her skin is warm, dry, and nondiaphoretic; the rash is isolated to her hands; and her lung sounds are clear bilaterally. She has no other complaints. HR = 88, RR = 12, BP = 122/80. Of the following treatments, which is most appropriate?
Diphenhydramine IM
Which of the following statements about using antihistamines in the treatment of anaphylaxis is TRUE?
Antihistamines block histamine receptors and reduce histamine release from mast cells and basophils.
