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Trauma Quizzes Flashcards

1
Q

According to the American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma (ACS-COT), an adult trauma patient should be transported to the highest level of trauma center if he/she:

CH 25 Trauma Overview

  1. has a bleeding dosorder or takes anticoagulant meds & has blunt/penetrating injury
  2. has systolic BP < 110 mmHg or HR > 110 bpm
  3. has GCS score < or equal to 13 with mechanism attributed to trauma
  4. was involved in motor vehicle crash in which another patient in same vehicle killed
A

has GCS score < or equal to 13 with mechanism attributed to trauma

Management: Transportation & Destinations

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2
Q

In contrast to Level III trauma center, a Level I must:

Ch 25 Trauma Overview

  1. have a general surgeon in-house 24 hours a day
  2. be able to stabilize patients before transferring to a higher level facility
  3. be involved in trauma prevention programs
  4. have access to an emergency physician within 30 min
A

have a general surgeon in-house 24 hours a day

Management: Transport & Destinations

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3
Q

When treating a patient who experienced a pulmonary blast injury, you should:

CH 25 Trauma Overview

  1. administer large amounts of IV fluid
  2. avoid giving O2 under positive pressure
  3. suspect an accompanying cardiac tamponade
  4. use demand valve to ventilate
A

avoid giving O2 under positive pressure

Blast Injuries

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4
Q

Signs of high-energy trauma in car crash

CH 25 Trauma Overview

A
  1. dismounted sets
  2. steering wheel collapse
  3. intrusion into vehicle

Blunt Trauma

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5
Q

Which of the following interventions is MOST critical to outcome of patient with multisystem trauma?

CH 25 Trauma Overview

  1. rapid transport to trauma center
  2. early admin of O2
  3. IV fluid admin
  4. elevation of lower extremities
A

rapid transport to trauma center

Multisystem Trauma

didn’t know

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6
Q

Which of the following would MOST likely occur as the direct resut of the second collision in a motor vehicle crash?

CH 25 Trauma Overview

  1. caved-in passenger door
  2. deformed steering wheel
  3. collapsed dashboard
  4. intrathoracic hemorrhage
A

deformed steering wheel

Blunt Trauma

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7
Q

A fractured femur can result in the loss of ___ or more of blood into the soft tissues of the thigh.

CH 26 Bleeding

  1. 2 L
  2. 1 L
  3. 250 mL
  4. 500 mL
A

1 L

Internal Bleeding

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8
Q

Capillaries link the arterioles & the:

CH 26 Bleeding

  1. veins
  2. venules
  3. cells
  4. aorta
A

venules

Anatomy & Physiology of the Circulatory System

didn’t know

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9
Q

Early S/S of intra-abdominal bleeding include:

CH 26 Bleeding

  1. significant hypotension
  2. bruising only
  3. widespread ecchymosis
  4. pain & distention
A

pain & distention

Internal Bleeding

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10
Q

Hypovolemic shock occurs when:

CH 26 Bleeding

A

low fluid volume leads to inadequate perfusion

External Bleeding

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11
Q

In nontrauma patients, an early indicator of internal bleeding is:

CH 26 Bleeding

  1. decreasing BP
  2. rapid, thready pulse
  3. dizziness upon standing
  4. rapid, shallow breathing
A

dizziness upon standing

Internal Bleeding

didn’t know

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12
Q

In older patients, the first indicator of nontraumatic internal bleeding might be:

CH 26 Bleeding

  1. weakness/dizziness
  2. low BP
  3. HR > 120 bpm
  4. diaphoresis/pale skin
A

weakness/dizziness

Internal Bleeding

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13
Q

Perfusion is MOST accurately defined as:

CH 26 Bleeding

A

circulation of blood within an organ in adequate amounts to meet the body’s metabolic needs

Pathophysiology & Perfusion

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14
Q

The severity of bleeding should be based on all of the folllowing findings, EXCEPT:

CH 26 Bleeding

  1. clinical S/S
  2. MOI
  3. systolic BP
  4. poor general appearance
A

systolic BP

External Bleedings

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15
Q

Which body systems/components are most critical for supplying/maintaining adequate blood flow to the body?

CH 26 Bleeding

A
  1. adequate blood in the vasculature
  2. intact system of blood vessels
  3. effectively pumping heart

Anatomy & Physiology of the Cardiovascular System

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16
Q

Which of the following splinting devices would be MOST appropriate to use for a patient who has an open fracture of the forearm with external bleeding?

CH 26 Bleeding

  1. air splint
  2. cardboard splint
  3. vacuum splint
  4. sling/swathe
A

air splint

Emergency Med Care for External Bleeding

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17
Q

A hematoma develops when:

Ch 27 Soft Tissue Injuries

  1. severe swelling compromises arterial circulation
  2. large blood vessels beneath the skin are damaged
  3. small amounts of blood leak into the epidermis
  4. cells & small vessels in the dermis are damaged
A

large blood vessels beneath the skin are damaged

Pathophysiology of Closed/Open Injuries

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18
Q

A partial-thickness burn involves the outer layer of skin & a portion of the:

CH 27 Soft Tissue Injuries

A

dermal layer

Burns

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19
Q

All of the following body structures are lined with mucous membranes, EXCEPT:

CH 27 Soft Tissue Injuries

  1. nose
  2. mouth
  3. lips
  4. anus
A

lips

Anatomy & Physiology of the Skin

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20
Q

Functions of dressings & bandages include all of the following, EXCEPT:

Ch 27 Soft Tissue Injuries

  1. control of external hemorrhage
  2. protection from further injury
  3. prevention of contamination
  4. immobilization of injury
A

immobilization of injury

Dressing & Bandages

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21
Q

Functions of the skin include:

CH 27 Soft Tissue Injuries

A
  1. regulation of body temperature
  2. maintenance of water balance
  3. sending information to the brain

Anatomy & Physiology of Skin

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22
Q

In addition to severe bleeding, the MOST life-threatening complication associated with an open neck injury is:

CH 27 Soft Tissue Injuries

A

an air embolism

Emergency Med Care for Open Injuries

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23
Q

In contrast to animal bites, the bite of a human:

CH 27 Soft Tissue Injuries

  1. carries with it a wide variety of virulent bacteria & viruses
  2. is associated with a much higher risk of rabies infection
  3. is usually less severe because the human mouth is cleaner
  4. typically results in a minor infection that is slow-spreading
A

carries with it a wide variety of virulent bacteria & viruses

Emergency Med Care for Open Injuries

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24
Q

When treating a partial-thicknesss burn, you should:

CH 27 Soft Tissue Injuries

  1. avoid the use of creams, lotions, or antiseptics
  2. cover the burn with moist, sterile dressing
  3. rupture any blisters to prevent infection
  4. immerse affected part in warm water
A

avoid the use of creams, lotions, or antiseptics

Emergency Med Care of Burns

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25
When treating a partial-thicknesss burn, you should: | CH 27 Soft Tissue Injuries ## Footnote 1. avoid the use of creams, lotions, or antiseptics 2. cover the burn with moist, sterile dressing 3. rupture any blisters to prevent infection 4. immerse affected part in warm water
avoid the use of creams, lotions, or antiseptics | Emergency Med Care of Burns
26
Which of the following areas of the body has the thinnest skin? | CH 27 Soft Tissue Injuries ## Footnote 1. ears 2. soles of feet 3. back 4. scalp
ears | Anatomy & Physiology of Skin
27
You have applied a dressing & roller-gauze bandage to a laceration on the arm of a young female. During transport, she begins to complain of numbness & tingling in her hand. You should: | CH 27 Soft Tissue Injuries ## Footnote 1. remove gauze bandage + replace with elastic one 2. assess distal circulation & readjust bandage as needed 3. carefully manipulate her arm until symptoms subside 4. remove bandage + dressing & apply another
assess distal circulation & readjust bandage as needed | Dressing & Bandages
28
The cricoid cartilage: | CH 28 Face & Neck Injuries ## Footnote 1. is the only complete circular cartilage of the trachea 2. is easier to see & palpate than the thyroid cartilage 3. lies superior to the cricothyroid membrane in the neck 4. lies superior to the thyroid cartilage in the neck
is the only complete circular cartilage of the trachea | Anatomy & Physiology
29
The inner surface of the eyelids & the exposed surface of the eye itself are covered by a delicate membrane called the: | CH 28 Face & Neck Injuries ## Footnote 1. sclera 2. retina 3. conjunctiva 4. cornea
conjunctiva | Anatomy & Physiology ## Footnote *mixed up with sclera*
30
The term "hyphema" is defined as: | CH 28 Face & Neck Injuries ## Footnote 1. an acute rupture of the globe of the eye 2. blood in the anterior chamber of the eye 3. inflammation of the iris, cornea, & lens 4. compression of 1 or both optic nerves
blood in the anterior chamber of the eye | Emergency Med Care for Specific Injuries ## Footnote *didn't know*
31
S/S that might be found in a patient who has experienced a concussion include: | CH 29 Head & Spine Injuries ## Footnote 1. tachycardia & diaphoresis 2. nausea & ringing in ears 3. hypotension & nosebleed 4. anxiety & restlessness
nausea & ringing in ears | Head Injuries
32
The peripheral nervous system consists of: | CH 29 Head & Spine Injuries
31 pairs of spinal nerves & 12 pairs of cranial nerves | Anatomy & Physiology
33
The frontal & parietal bones of the skull are especially susceptible to: | CH 29 Head & Spine Injuries ## Footnote 1. linear skull fractures 2. depressed skull fractures 3. basilar skull fractures 4. nondisplaced skull fractures
depressed skull fractures | Head Injuries ## Footnote *did't know*
34
The MOST reliable sign of head injury is: | CH 29 Head & Spine Injuries
decreased LOC | Patient Assessment
35
The tough, fibrous outer meningeal layer is called the: | CH 29 Head & Spine Injuries
dura mater | Anatomy & Physiology
36
What part of the nervous system controls the body's voluntary activities? | CH 29 Head & Spine Injuries ## Footnote 1. somatic 2. sensory 3. central 4. autonomic
somatic | Anatomy & Physiology
37
A flail chest occurs when: | CH 30 Chest Injuries
a segment of the chest wall is detached from the thoracic cage | Complications & Management of Chest Injuries
38
A patient who presents with profound cyanosis following a chest injury: | CH 30 Chest Injuries ## Footnote 1. requires prompt ventilation & oxygenation 2. should be placed in Trendelenburg's position 3. is most likely experiencing severe blood loss 4. has most likely experienced a ruptured aorta
requires prompt ventilation & oxygenation | Injuries of the Chest
39
Elevation of the rib cage during inhalation occurs when: | CH 30 Chest Injuries
the intercostal muscles contract | Mechanics of Ventilation
40
Hemoptysis is defined as: | CH 30 Chest Injuries
coughing up blood | Injuries of the Chest
41
Patients with rib fractures will commonly: | CH 30 Chest Injuries ## Footnote 1. take a series of deep breaths 2. prefer to lie in supine position 3. develop sucking chest wound 4. breathe rapidly/shallowly
breathe rapidly/shallowly | Complications & Management of Chest Injuries
42
Pneumothorax is defined as: | CH 30 Chest Injuries
accumulation of air in the pleural space | Complications & Management of Chest Injuries
43
S/S of tension pneumothorax include: | CH 30 Chest Injuries
1. altered mental status 2. unilaterally absent breath sounds 3. profound cyanosis | Complications & Management of Chest Injuries
44
Subcutaneous emphysema is an indication that: | CH 30 Chest Injuries
air is escaping into the chest wall from a damaged lung | Complications & Management of Chest Injuries
45
The ___ nerves supply the diaphragm. | CH 30 Chest Injuries
phrenic | Mechanics of Ventilation ## Footnote *didn't know*
46
The phrenic nerves control the diaphragm & exit the spinal cord at: | CH 30 Chest Injuries ## Footnote 1. C1 & C2 2. C3, C4, C5 3. C1, C2, C3 4. C3, C4
C3, C4, C5 | Mechanics of Ventilation ## Footnote *didn't know*
47
The thoracic cavity is separated from the abdominal cavity by the: | CH 30 Chest Injuries
diaphragm | Anatomy & Physiology
48
When the person is lying supine at the end of exhalation, the diaphragm: | CH 30 Chest Injuries ## Footnote 1. might rise as high as the nipple line 2. is less prone to penetrating trauma 3. contracts & flattens inferiorly 4. descends below the level of the navel
might rise as high as the nipple line | Anatomy & Physiology ## Footnote *incorrect on quiz*
49
When assessing a patient with hemothorax, you will MOST likely find: | CH 30 Chest Injuries ## Footnote 1. distant or muffled heart tones 2. jugular vein engorgement 3. ipsilateral deviation 4. S/S of shock
S/S of shock | Complications and Management of Chest Injuries
50
Contraction or tensing of abdominal muscles to ease pain is called: | CH 31 Abdominal & GU Injuries
guarding | Patient Assessment of Abdominal Injuries
51
Difficulty breathing & sunken appearance of the anterior abdominal wall is MOST indicative of a ruptured: | CH 31 Abdominal & GU Injuries
diaphragm | Emergency Med Care of Abdominal Injuries
52
Placing a pregnant patient in a supine position during the 3rd trimester of pregnancy: | CH 31 Abdominal & GU Injuries
might decrease the amount of blood that returns to the heart | Injuries of the Genitourinary System
53
The mesentery is: | CH 31 Abdominal & GU Injuries
a membranous fold that attaches the intestines to the walls of the body | Anatomy & Physiology of the Abdomen
54
Which of the following statements regarding abdominal trauma is correct? | CH 31 Abominal & GU Injuries ## Footnote 1. most of the vital abdominal organs lie within the retroperitoneal space 2. the liver is well protected & rarely injured during a traumatic event 3. the absence of abdominal pain does not rule out intra-abdominal bleeding 4. hollow abdominal organs are vascular & bleed profusely when injured
the absence of abdominal pain does not rule out intra-abdominal bleeding | Anatomy & Physiology of the Abdomen
55
A ___ is a musculoskeletal injury in which there is a partial or temporary separation of bone ends as well as partial stretching or tearing of the supporting ligaments. | CH 32 Orthopaedic Injuries
sprain | Musculoskeleta Injuries
56
A fracture caused by minimal force that is associated with diseases such as cancer & osteoporosis is called: | CH 32 Orthopaedic Injuries
pathologic fracture | Musculoskeletal Injuries
57
A(n) ___ fracture occurs in the growth section of a child's bone & might lead to growth abnormalities. | CH 32 Orthopaedic Injuries
ephiphyseal | Musculoskeletal Injuries
58
Common S/S of a sprain include all of the following, EXCEPT: | CH 32 Orthopaedic Injuries ## Footnote 1. swelling 2. ecchymosis 3. deformity 4. guarding
deformity | Musculoskeletal Injuries
59
When should the EMT splint an injured limb in the position of deformity? | CH 32 Orthopaedic Injuries
if resistance is encountered or the patient experiences severe pain | Emergency Medical Care
60
Of the following musculoskeletal injuries, which is the least severe? | CH 32 Orthopaedic Injuries ## Footnote 1. nondisplaced pelvic fracture 2. multiple closed long bone fractures 3. open fractures of a long bone 4. amputation of an extremity
nondisplaced pelvic fracture | Musculoskeletal Injuries
61
Skeletal muscle is attached to bone by tough, ropelike fibrous structures called: | CH 32 Orthopaedic Injuries
tendons | Anatomy & Physiology of the Musculoskeletal System
62
The MOST commonly fractured bone in the body is: | CH 32 Orthopaedic Injuries
clavicle | Specific Musculoskeletal Injuries
63
When splinting a possible fracture of the foot, it is MOST important for the EMT to: | CH 32 Orthopaedic Injuries ## Footnote 1. use a pillow as a splint 2. apply a pneumatic splint 3. observe for tissue swelling 4. leave the toes exposed
leave the toes exposed | Specific Musculoskeletal Injuries ## Footnote *didn't know*
64
Which of the following statements regarding compartment syndrome is correct? | CH 32 Orthopaedic Injuries ## Footnote 1. most cases of compartment syndrome occur following a severe fracture of the pelvis 2. compartment syndrome occurs becaue of increased pressure within the bone cavity 3. in most cases, compartment syndrome develops within a few minutes after injury 4. compartment syndrome typically develops within 6-12 hours after injury
compartment syndrome typically develops within 6-12 hours after injury | Compartment Syndrome
65
Which of the following statements regarding striated muscle is correct? | CH 32 Orthopaedic Injuries ## Footnote 1. striated muscle tissue is attached directly to bones by tough bands of cartilage 2. it forms the major muscle mass of the body & crosses at least one joint 3. striated muscle is involvuntary because you have no conscious control over it 4. most of the body's striated muscle is found within the walls of the blood vessels
it forms the major muscle mass of the body & crosses at least one joint | Anatomy & Physiology of the Musculoskeletal System

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