Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pestana DF > trauma, orthopedics and pre/post op care chapters 1-3 > Flashcards

trauma, orthopedics and pre/post op care chapters 1-3 Flashcards

1
Q

diagnose intraabominal bleeding

A

CT if stable

FAST if unstable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

perioperative MI that occurs during the operation from what and etected how

A

hypotension

EKG showing ST depression and T wave flattening

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

deep abscesses post op, what is diagnostic and therapy

A

CT scan

percutaneous radiologically guided drainage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

penetrating injury of extremity if no major vessels near do what

if vessels near then what but asx

if vessels near and sx

A

only need tetanus prophylaxis and cleaning of the wound

if near vessels and asx then doppler or CT angio

if obvious injury then exploration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

workup for SBO

A

xray shows dilated loops with air fluid levels

CT confirms diagnosis with transition point showing dilation prox and collapse distal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

vasomotor shock aka what

treatment?

A

anaphylactic rxn

vasopressors and fluids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

CVP and neck veins in PE

A

elevated and distended

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

chronic subdural hematoma treatment

A

surgical evacuation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

combined injury or artery, nerve and bone, do what order and what after

A

bone then artery then nerve and fasciotomyq

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

managment of air embolism and ppx

A

cardiac massage with the patient left side down

prevent with trendelenburg position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

managing diffuse axonal injury

A

manage ICP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

when do you need to get a video assisted thoracotomy in hemothorax

A

1,500 mL or more of blod when chest tube is inserted

or more than 600 mL over 6 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

most important treatment in severely burned patient

what rate

A

fluids

1,000 mL of ringer lactate without sugar with anyone 20% burns or more body SA then adjust to get desired urine output

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what fractures can cause major problem for kids location wise

A

supracondylar and growth plates

SC can lead to volkmann contracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

managing massive hemorrhage in pelvic fracture

A

immobilize pelvis and angiographic managment

external fixation
embolization of specific bleeding artery or internal iliacs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what causes hyperkalemia

slow cause

rapid cause

A

slow from RF and aldosterone antagonists

rapid in crushing injuries, dead tissue, acidosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

diagnosing respiratory burns

A

fiberoptic bronchoscopy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

ultimate therapy of atelectasis if needed is what

A

bronchoscopy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

fractures that involve growth plate treated how

A

closed reduction if epiphyses and grwoth plate displaced laterally from metaphysis but in one piece

if growth plate in 2 pieces or fracture crosses epiphyes or GP then ORIF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

bilateral pulmonary infiltrates and hypoxia with no evidence of CHF

what is treatment

A

ARDS

PEEP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

bladder injury diagnosis

A

retrograd cystogram with postvoid films

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what prolongs paralytic ileus

A

hypokalemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

key issues in popliteal artery injury, what imaging

A

doppler

CT angio

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

hyponatremia treatment

rapid developing from water intox

slowly developing from SIADH

hypovolemic, deydrated pt losing GI fluids and forced to retain water (deciding between 2 choices?)

A

rapid: ypertonic saline 3-5%

slow develop from SIADH: water restriction

hypovolemic: NS or ringer lactate
- NS in lakalosis
- RL in acidotic pts and pH is normal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what organ failure in crush injury

A

RF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

sudden death in pt who is intubated and on a respirator

or when subclavian vein opened to air in node biopsy and CVP placement

A

air embolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

best test to find rupture of aorta

A

spiral CT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

facial fractures and closed head injuries should always what

A

prompt evaluation of the cervical spine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

plantar fasciitis treatment

A

symptomatic

should resolve within 12-18 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

ewing sarcoma age

A

5-15

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

what else must be assessed with a base of skull fracture and how

A

cervical spine

CT scan

32
Q

injury of the UCL of thumb from forced hypextension of thumb

seen in skiing injury

laxity at thumb metacarpophalangeal jiont

treatment too

A

cast

gamekeepers thumb

33
Q

where can internal bleeding leading to shock occur that is hidden

how many mL

A

abdomen

thighs

pelvis

need to lose about 1,500 mL

34
Q

ogilvie syndrome

whats dilated and treatment

A

large abdominal distension with massively dilated colon

fluid and electrolyte correction
then colonoscopy to suck out air
then long rectal tube

35
Q

abdominal compartment syndrome

A

happens when lots of fluids and blood given during prolonged lappy

then cannot close the wound

cover temporarily and close later

36
Q

wound infection post op and cannot tell if it is cellulitis or abscess then what

A

sonogram is diagnostic

37
Q

treating epidural hematoma

A

emergency craniotomy

38
Q

club foot treatment

A

seriel plaster casts in neonatal period

surgery at ages 9-12 months if this does not help

39
Q

what has to be ruled out in any pelvic fracture

A

rectum, prostate, bladder, vag, and urethra injuries

40
Q

treating aspiration (prevent and treat)

A

npo when intubating to prevent

therapy is lavage and removal of acid with bronchosopy then bronchodilators and resp support

41
Q

treatment of non expanding pelvic hematoma

A

leave alone

42
Q

star field pattern on MRI

A

fat embolism to brain

43
Q

correcting hypernatremia

A

used D5 1/2NS

44
Q

fixing children fracture with lots of angulation

A

may be okay when reduced and immobilized

would not work in adult

45
Q

inflammation of the common digital nerve at the third interspace between the third and fourth toes

A

morton neuroma

46
Q

salmon colored fluid wound

A

wound dehiscence

47
Q

what is the first thing that has to be suspected when a post op pt gets confused and disoriented

A

hypoxia

check ABG and provide resp support

48
Q

assessing renal injuries

A

CT scan

49
Q

linear skull fracture treatment

A

leave alone if closed

50
Q

treatment for gas gangrene

A

penicillin and clindamycin

extensive emergency surgical debridement and hyperbaric oxygen

51
Q

location of small bowel vs large on imaging

A

colon hugs boundaries

small bowel in center

52
Q

dehydration vs RF post op with sodium and fractional excretion

A

if dehydrated then should be less that 10-20 meq/L
-FE sodium less than 1

if RF then will exceed 40 mEq/L
-FE sodium greater than 1

53
Q

abscess in the pulp of a fingertip caused by a neglected penetrating injury is what?

treatment?

A

felon

surgical drainage

54
Q

gunshot wound to base of neck what to do dx

A

arteriorgraph, esophagogram (water soluble then barium if neg)

esophagoscopy and bronchoscopy before surgery

55
Q

if pt with hypovolemic shock has normal chest xray, no pelvic of femoral fracture then suspect what

A

intraabdominal bleeding

56
Q

what spinal cord transection

paralysis and loss of proprioception distal to the injury on injury side and loss of pain distal on contralateral side

A

hemisection (brown-sequard)

57
Q

crush injury managment

A

vigorous fluids, osmotic diuretics and alkalinization of urine then fasciotomy later maybe

58
Q

every 3 mEq/L that the serum sodium concentration is above 140 represents what

A

1 L of water lost

59
Q

age for osteogenic sarcoma

A

10-25

60
Q

postoperative urinary retnetion

when should in and out bladder cath be done

A

6 hours

61
Q

postopfever in range of 101-103

A

atelectasis, pneumonia, UTI, DVT, wound infection, deep abscesses

62
Q

traumatic rupture of the diaphragm is always where

and if suspected then what

A

left side

evaluate with laparoscopy

63
Q

treatment for perioperative MI

A

cannot use clot busters

can use emergency angioplasty and coronary stent

64
Q

fluid replacement in severely burned pt what do you want hourly urinary output to be and avoid what CVP

A

1 to 2 mL/kg/h while avoiding CVP over 15 mm hg

65
Q

treating subdural hematoma

A

ICP monitor, elevate head, hypervent, mannitol or furosemide

66
Q

blood needs to be evacuated in hemothorax to prevent what and how

A

empyema

chest tube

67
Q

what injuryies cause rupture of aorta

A

severe deceleration or presence of fracutres in scapula, sternum, first rib or side mediastinum

68
Q

treatment for hyperkalemia

A

hemodialysis but also insulin and 50% dextrose

also suck out

IV calcium

69
Q

treatment of ruptured spleen

A

repair if can rather than remove

70
Q

anterior cord syndrome seen in what

sx

A

burst fractures

motor fnct and loss of P and T on both sides distal to injury

preserve vibratory and postion

71
Q

treating a fistula

A

fluid and electrolyte replacement

nutritional support

protection of abdominal wall (ostomy and suction tubes)

do those until nature heals fistula which will happen as long as FRIEND not fucking it up

72
Q

workup for arterial insufficiency

A

doppler study looking for pressure gradient

-if is one then CT angio, MRA or arteriogram, then surgical revascularization or angioplasty and stents

73
Q

post op fever seen within 30-45 mintues of procedure with temp 104 or more

A

bacteremia

74
Q

line of force in suspected fracutres

A

x ray taken of bones that may also be broken due to direction of force so if someone falls from height and breaks feet, look at lumbar spine too

75
Q

fracture precipitated by event that would not justify it in old person like lifting a bag of groceries is probably what

A

malingnat bone tumor

Pestana DF (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions