Trauma Masterclass Flashcards
What are CXRs looking for in the context of chest trauma?
Pneumothorax
Pneumonia
Effusion
Pneumoperitoneum
When do you treat a pneumothorax?
More than 2cm
Less than 2cm; treat conservatively
If large, without treatment = tension
What are air bronchograms pathognomonic of?
Pneumonia
What can cause a pleural effusion?
Infection
Blood
Heart failure
What do AXRs look for in the context of A+E?
Obstruction
Pneumoperitoneum
What are the different mechanisms of fracture?
Transverse Oblique Spiral Comminuted Avulsion Impacted Torus Greenstick
Treatment for surgical neck of humerus fracture?
Collar and cuff
Is a posterior fat pat around the elbow normal?
No; always pathological
Tends to be radial head fracture
Describe a colles fracture?
Dorsal angulation of distal radius
Commonly see ulnar styloid fracture alongside
Describe a smiths’s fracture?
Volar angulation of distal radius
Tends to be very unstable
Blood supply to scaphoid
70% radial
30% ulnar
1/3rd of those with scaphoid fracture will have a resultant AVN
What are the different malleolus?
Fibula; lateral
Tibia; medial
What is important to look for when assessing ankle fractures?
Talar shift
Treatment of intracapsular NOF?
Hemiarthroplasty
Treatment of extracapsular NOF?
Dynamic hip screw
