Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ED > Trauma, Fx, Childhood fever > Flashcards

Trauma, Fx, Childhood fever Flashcards

1
Q

What is included in the primary survey

A

ABCDE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

can you start the secondary survey before ABC’s are finished?

A

NO ABC’s must be stabilized first

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What signs may indicate a basilar injury

A

Raccoon eyes, Battle sign, hemotympanum, CSF drainage from ears or nose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What must you check before inserting a catheter

A

Rectal tone, meatal blood, vaginal bleeding or injury to the pelvic area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Broken hip will appear

A

Shortened and internally rotated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

In a trauma what radiographic imaging should you consider

A 
Head and cSpine CT
Standard plain x-rays - CXR, pelvis 
FAST exam
Extremity x-rays
Entire spine image for uptunded/multisystem trauma
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

In a trauma what labs shuold you consider

A 
Type/screen and type/cross
CBC
UA
ETOH
PTT/PT INR
Pregnancy 
> 55= EKG, Cardiac markers
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What should always be included in the plan of a trauma patient

A

serial examinations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the NEXUS criteria for CT

A
  1. Midline cervical tenderness
  2. Focal neurological deficits
  3. Altered level of consciousness
  4. Evidence of intoxication
  5. Painful distracting injury
    IF 1 IS POSITIVE = CT
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

When do you place a ET tube

A 
GCS less than 8
No gag reflex
Agitated
Head injury
ETOH/drugs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

When should you consider a Crichothyrodotomy

A

when you can’t intubate

Facial trauma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is RSI

A

Give a paraylitic and premedicate to get an airway

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

If you hear rice crispies in the chest what does that indicate

A

AIR- subcutaneous emphysema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What injuries should you look for to evaluate breathing

A

Shifted trachea
Paradoxical chest movements
No BS
Open wounds- sucking chest wounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

If you hear no breath sounds what do you do

A

1) Needle decompression- 18 gauge needle in the 2nd intercostal space mid-clavicular line
2) if needle decompression unsuccessful- Chest tube 5th intercostal space anterior to the mid axiallary line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Should a needle go in above or below a rib

A

ABOVE- the NVA are below the rib

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Will a needle decompression work for a hemothorax

A

No, need chest tube

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is the minimum amount of time to obtain new vital signs

A

15 mins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

If you can feel the radial pulse the BP must be at least

A

80

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

If you can feel the carotid pulse the BP must be at least

A

60

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

If your patient becomes hypotensive are they getting better or worse

A

WORSE- bad sign

30% of blood volume can be lost before BP lowers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

How many IV’s should a trauma patient get

A

2- large bore -18 or bigger

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the FAST used for

A

screening tool to identify the cause of shock immediately after the primary survey

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

When is a CT indicated over a FAST

A

for definitive imaging and location of the bleeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What to do with fractures while stabilizing patient

A

Control bleeding- consider blood if large area like femur or pelvis
Immobilize pelvic fractures
Splint extremity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

If you give 10 or more units of PRBC’s what else do you need to give

A

FFP +Platelets in a 1:1:1 ratio

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What are the major things in Diasability

A

GCS pupilary response, blood glucose

28
Q

Is hyperventilation good in a truma patient

A

Probably not- It may decrease ICP but it lowers blood flow to brain so may worsen ischemia and worsen hemorrhage

29
Q

What does Exposure entail

A

Undressing them, examining the entire patient, warm blankets or consider inducing hypothermia for TBI

30
Q

When is a NG tube contraindicated

A

Facial fx

31
Q

should you remove a deeply impailed object

A

No

32
Q

Indications for emergent thoracotomy

A

penetrating chest trauma
Witnessed signs of life during transport to ED
Electrical activity upon arrival

33
Q

Strain

A

Tendon

34
Q

Sprain

A

Ligament

35
Q

What are ortho emergencies

A

Open Fx
“Tenting” of a dislocation
NV compromise in a closed injury

36
Q

for a long bone Fx you should evaluate…

A

the joint above and below

37
Q

How so you describe fractures

A 
Open vs closed 
Location
Orientation
Displacement/separation
Shortening
Impacted/overriding
Angulation 
Rotational deformity
38
Q

If a Fx in intrarticular it …

A

extends into joint space

39
Q

When do growth plates close

A 
Boys= 18
Girls= 15-16
40
Q

What is the most common type of salter haris Fx

A

Type 2

41
Q

What is a salter haris fx

A

a Fx involving the growth plate

42
Q

What is the worst salter haris fx

A

type 5

43
Q

What is a fever in a neonate and infant under 60 days

A

100.4 (38)

44
Q

what is a fever in an infant older than 60 days

A

102.2 (39)

45
Q

in a child less than 60 days what is the most common cause of SBI

A

UTI

46
Q

If a child less than 60 days has a confirmed UTI and fever greater than 102 what might they have

A

Pylonephritis

47
Q

Other causes of SBI in a infant less than 60 days

A

Bactermia +sepsis
Pneumonia
Sinusitis
Meningitis

48
Q

Organisms causing meningitis in a child <3 months

A

E. coli, Group B strep, Listeria

49
Q

Organisms causing sepsis/bactermia in a child <3 months

A

E. coli, Group B strep, Listeria

50
Q

Organisms causing meningitis in children >3 months

A

S.pneumoniae, N. meningitidis, Staph. Aureus

51
Q

Pleocytosis suggests

A

Viral etiology

52
Q

Meningitis is bacterial if…

A 
CSF WBC >30 in neonate and >10 in older
CSF anc >1000 cells/microliter
CSF protein > 8
Peripheral WBC >10,000
Hx of seizure before or at onset of symptoms
53
Q

Treatment of meningitis

A

Ceftriaxone (Rocephin)- 100mg/kg with a mas of 2g
Ampicillin
Cefotaxime
+/- Gentamycin

54
Q

Most common cause of bronchiolitis

A

RSV

55
Q

If a child has RSV what else should you check for

A

UTI

56
Q

What can ceftriaxone cause in children <1 month old

A

increased bilirubin

57
Q

A 1 year old child comes in with strep throat

A

NO- strep pharyngitis is uncommon in children less than 2

58
Q

If a fever decreases and the child improves with administration of tylenol or motrin what is the most likeley cause

A

viral

59
Q

how long do you use the estimated birth date for a preterm baby instead of the actual birth date

A

90 days

60
Q

A child is screaming when you look in their ear, the typmainc membrane is red. They must have OM

A

Wrong- all babies ears will be red if the scream loud enough. you must insufulate the ear

61
Q

Dosage of amoxicillin

A

80-90mg/kg

62
Q

Child 3 months to 36 months causes of fever

A

Viral
OM
Pneumonia
UTI

63
Q

What are the serious bacterial illnesses of children 3 months to 36 months

A

S. pneumoniae
N. meningtisis
MRSA

64
Q

Causes of fever in children over 36 months

A

Strep pharyngitis
Mono
Kawasaki

65
Q

Characteristics of Kawasaki disease

A 
Children less than 5
High fever
Strawberry tongue
Conjunctivitis/iritis
Peeling or hands and feet
Coronary artery aneurysms
66
Q

What is the treatment of Kawasaki disease

A

IV IG

ASA

ED (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions