Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Archaeology > Trauma + Bone Disease > Flashcards

Trauma + Bone Disease Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 factors that can be obtained from trauma analysis

A

Direction - of the force responsible for the fracture
When - time of the trauma
Cause

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Give the 4 main types of trauma

A

Falling
Sharp Object
Blunt Force
Projectile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What can Care tell us about trauma?

A

Did the remains receive medical treatment, it is rare that they do not today, but if not, why? Abuse? Money?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What can conflict tell us about trauma?

A

Could it have been domestic trauma? trauma from warfare, which could indicate a refugee

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are partial and complete fractures?

A

Partial Fracture - not completely broken

Complete - completely broken

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are close and open fractures?

A

Closed - contained within the skin

Open - protruding through the skin (bacteria and infection likely)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is an impacted fracture?

A

The bones collapse onto eachother not break

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is a pathological fracture?

A

Bone material weakening with age or disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a stress fracture?

A

an overuse injury from repeated actions, hairline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is a compression fracture?

A

from force applied in an axial (parallel) direction, e.g. a fall, or from tuberculosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is a spiral fracture?

A

Rotational twisting break

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is a Transverse fracture?

A

Force applied at a right angle to the long bone axis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is a greenstick fracture

A

A fracture in one side of the bone only, common in juveniles due to more pliable bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Give the 3 types of cranial trauma

A

Blunt force
Sharp force
Projectile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the identifiable features of a blunt force trauma?

A

Radiating lines
Concentric lines
Bones buckle in from taking some of the force, and can slightly break

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the identifiable features of a sharp force trauma?

A

Linear
well defined edges, that are flat smooth and polished
microscopic scratch marks

17
Q

What are the identifiable features of a projectile trauma? (gun shot entrance wound)

A

Entrance wounds will be - rounded, bevelled inwards, with radiating fracture lines
Power of the weapon will affect the size of the fractures

18
Q

What are the identifiable features of a projectile trauma? (gun shot exit wound)

A

Larger than entrance, irregular, bevelled outwards

19
Q

What does Antemortem trauma mean? what are the main indicative features that trauma occurred in this stage

A

Trauma produced prior to death

  1. Evidence of healing
  2. Evidence of medical care
  3. An infectious response
20
Q

What does Perimortem trauma mean? what are the main indicative features that trauma occurred in this stage

A

Trauma produced at or around the time of death

  1. No evidence of healing or an infectious response
  2. Wound occurred in fresh bone
  3. Colour will match surrounding bone
21
Q

What does Postmortem trauma mean? what are the main indicative features that trauma occurred in this stage

A

Trauma produced after the time of death

  1. The wound occurred in dry bone, more brittle
  2. the bone will be whiter than surrounding bone
  3. No evidence of healing
22
Q

What is a disease?

A

an abnormal condition that impairs an orghanism’s function

23
Q

What are the 5 Postmortem taphonomic factors than can limit a biological profile?

A

Botanical (plants/soil erosion)
Insects/scavengers (gnawing at remains, could present as disease)
Freeze-thaw (freezing and thawing can lead to cracking)
Chemical erosion (acidic soil -> chalky bones)
Press

24
Q

Give the 3 non-specific diseases that are commonly found in many other diseases, such as leprosy

A

Osteomyelitis
Periostitis
Osetitis

25
Q

What is Oseteomyelitis?

Give 3 symptoms

A

A non-specific disease, which is an infection of the medulla cavity,

  1. Bone formation
  2. Bone destruction
  3. Pus fomation, discharged through a cloaca
26
Q

What is periostitis?

A

Infection of the periosteum, woven bone formation on the outer cortical surface of the bone

27
Q

What is Oseitis?

A

Woven bone formation in the cavities (non-medullary)

28
Q

What type of disease is leprosy?

A

Specific Infections

29
Q

Givethe 3 skeletal manifestations of leprosy.

A 
'Claw Hand deformity' 
'Claw Foot deformity' 
Rhinomaxillary syndrome ('moon face'

Archaeology (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions