Trauma

Question 1

What are Salter Harris fractures and what age should you look out for them in?

Answer 1

Fractures that involve the growth plate

growth plate fusion happens age 14-18 in girls, and 14-19 in boys - anytime before then

Question 2

What are the types of Salter Harris fractures?

Answer 2

I: Straight across 
II: Above 
III: Lower 
IV: TE through everything
V: cRush

Question 3

What line can you look at to find hip fractures?

Answer 3

Shelton’s line

Question 4

Which type of hip fracture is more likely to cause avascular necrosis?

Answer 4

intra capsule

Question 5

What is the classification for open fractures?

Answer 5

Gustilo and Anderson - Grade I to IIIC

Question 6

How would you treat an open fracture?

Answer 6

Check neurovascular status
IV antibiotics in 3 hours
Check tetanus

Question 7

What are the 3 classifications of ankle fractures?

Answer 7

uni/bi/tri malleolar fractures

Question 8

What should you always do in shoulder dislocations?

Answer 8

Always XR before relocating as there may be a fracture

Question 9

What is the most common type of wrist fracture?

Answer 9

Colle’s
(Smith’s is landing on back of hand)
Fractures of distal radius

Question 10

What substances increase or decrease the volume of pain?

Answer 10

increase pain - substance P, glutamate, EAA, serotonin, neurotensin
decrease pain - neorephinephrine, serotonin, opioids, GABA, adenosine

Question 11

How would you classify the 2 main types of pain?

Answer 11

non-nociceptive - inflammation or damage in periphery, responds well to analgesia
nociceptive - central distrubance in pain processing