Trauma Flashcards
What triad of signs is seen in cardiac tamponade?
Beck’s triad
Hypotension, raised JVP/distended neck vein and muffled heart sounds
How would you confirm the diagnosis of cardiac tamponade in a trauma patient?
Bedside US
What does a positive FAST in a trauma setting mean?
Focused assessment with sonography in trauma - the aim is to identify presence of free fluid in the peritoneal and/or pericardial cavities. Four views are obtained:
- RUQ, LUQ, pelvis, pericardium
GCS: Adult, unable to speak or open eyes, and has no response to pain.
3 E1V1M1
GCS: 2. Adult, opens eyes when you speak to them, and can hold a conversation, though seems disorientated. Patient flexes elbow and wrist when you put pressure on the nail bed.
10 E3V4M3
GCS: Adult, opens their eyes when they hear you shouting for help. They groan and make sounds which you cannot recognise as words. They do not respond to pain.
6 E3V2M1
GCS: Adult, opens eyes and extends left elbow when you put pressure on left nail bed. No response on the right. Makes no sounds, and opens eyes in response to nail bed pressure.
5 E2V1M2
GCS: Adult, spontaneously looks around. When you speak to the patient, they can tell you who they are, where they are and why, and the date, and obey simple commands.
15 E4V5M6
GCS: Adult, can obey simple commands and opens their eyes when they hear you speak. They can talk to you in sentences and seem a little confused and unsure of where they are.
13 E3V4M6
GCS: Adult, extends their elbow when you put pressure on the nail bed. They can talk in sentences and are disorientated. They are unable to open their eyes.
7 E1V4M2
GCS: Adult, moves their hand away when you apply pressure to the nail bed. The patient can make words but not form sentences. They open their eyes to pain, but not to speech.
9 E2V3M4
GCS: Adult, flexes their elbow and wrist when you put pressure on the nail bed. They do not open their eyes at all. They make grunting noises but no words
6 E1V2M3
GCS: Adult, moves hand towards head when you apply pressure above the eye socket. They are disoriented but able to form sentences. They open their eyes in response to speech
12 E3V4M5
GCS: Adult, opens their eyes when you say their name, and speaks to you in words that make no sense. When you apply pressure on their nail bed, they move their arm away.
10 E3V3M4
