Trauma Flashcards
Facial fractures - how would you carry out an e/o exam?
palpate bony margins of facial skeleton
examine eyes
- double vision
- restriction of movement
- subconjunctival haemorrhage
palpate condyles and check movements
- note any swelling, bruising, lacerations and altered sensation
- damage to trigeminal
evidence of cerebrospinal fluid leaking from nose or ears?
I/O exam - facial fracture
assess for alterations or step in occlusion
fractured or displaced teeth
lacerations and bruises
check stability of maxilla
- bimanual palpation
- one hand attempting to mobilise from intra oral approach
- other hand noticing any movement from extra oral sites
mandible fracture clinical signs
pain and swelling
deranged occlusion
paraesthesia in distribution of IAN
floor of mouth haematoma
zygoma fracture clinical signs
clinical flattening of cheekbone prominence
parasethesia in distribution of infraorbital nerve
diplopia (double vision), restricted eye movements, sub-conjunctival haemorrhage
limited lateral excursions of mandible movements
palpable step in infraorbital bony margin
orbit fracture clinical signs
diplopia
restricted eye movements
subconunctival haemorrhage
maxilla fracture clinical signs
maxilla is mobile
deranged occlusion
gross swelling if high level fracture
bilateral circumorbital bruising
subcojunctival haemorrhage
CSF leaking from nose or ear
nasal fracture clinical signs
swelling
bilateral circumorbial bruising
clinica deviation of nasal bridge
nose bleed §
mandible fracture radiographic views
OPT
PA mandible
- posteroanterior
zygoma fracture radiographic views
Occipotomental (OM)
Maxillary fracture radiographic views
OM
CT for complicated fractures
nasal fracture radiographic views
occlusal
facial fracture management
close approximation of fragments
immobilisation for around 6 weeks
