Transporting Substances Around The Body Flashcards
Explain how a double circulation in your body works?
One carries blood from your heart to your lungs and back again to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide in the air.
The other one carries blood around the rest of your body and back again.
What is your body’s transport system made up of?
Blood vessels
Heart
Blood
What are the three main types of blood vessels?
Artery
Vein
Capillary.
What is the job of your arteries?
They carry blood away from your heart to the organs of your body. They stretch as the blood is forced through them and go back into shape afterwards.
What is the job of your veins?
They carry blood towards the heart.
What is the job of your capillaries?
They are narrow with very thin walls so the substances needed by your cells such as oxygen and glucose can easily pass out of your blood and into the cells by diffusion is in the same way substances produced by yourself such as carbon dioxide pass easily into the blood through the walls of the capillaries.
What is the liquid part of your blood called?
Plasma.
What does your plasma carry and what for?
White blood cells-defence against disease.
Platelets-blood clots
Blood plasma & red blood cells- transporting materials around your body.
What shape are your red blood cells and why?
They are concave shape which gives them an increased surface area so more diffusion of oxygen can take place.
What are your red blood cells packed with?
Haemoglobin.
What does Haemoglobin do?
Carries oxygen.
Why don’t red blood cells have a nucleus?
So they have more space for Haemoglobin.
What does Haemoglobin react with oxygen to produce when there is a large concentration of oxygen? What colour does this make your blood?
It reacts with oxygen to produce oxyhemoglobin. Red.
What happens when there isn’t a high concentration of oxygen?
The reaction reverses and oxyhemoglobin splits into to to produce Haemoglobin and oxygen so the oxygen diffuses into cells which need it.
How is your muscle provided with energy when they contract?
By glycogen stores which can be converted into glucose rapidly which supplies the fuel.
Doing exercise what does your body produce more off?
Carbon dioxide.
During exercise your muscles start contracting harder and faster what does this then mean they need more of and why?
Glucose and oxygen to supply their energy needs.
What are the benefits of exercising? Regarding your heart and lungs.
Your heart and lungs become larger and develop better and more efficient supply which means they function as effectively as possible at all times even when you’re not exercising.
What is a anaerobic respiration?
When you do vigourous exercise and your muscle cells become short of oxygen because the blood simply can’t provide enough oxygen fast enough.
What are the end product of anaerobic respiration?
Lactic acid and water.
What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration?
Glucose —–> Latin acid (+energy)
What does the length of time you remain out of breath after exercise independent?
How fit you are.
What do you need to do after finishing exercise during anaerobic respiration? Why?
You need to get rid of the lactic acid by it being broken down into carbon dioxide and water.
What is your oxygen debt?
The amount of oxygen that you need to oxidise lactic acid to carbon dioxide and water.
