Transporting Substances Around The Body

Question 0

Explain how a double circulation in your body works?

Answer 0

One carries blood from your heart to your lungs and back again to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide in the air.
The other one carries blood around the rest of your body and back again.

Question 1

What is your body’s transport system made up of?

Answer 1

Blood vessels
Heart
Blood

Question 2

What are the three main types of blood vessels?

Answer 2

Artery
Vein
Capillary.

Question 3

What is the job of your arteries?

Answer 3

They carry blood away from your heart to the organs of your body. They stretch as the blood is forced through them and go back into shape afterwards.

Question 4

What is the job of your veins?

Answer 4

They carry blood towards the heart.

Question 5

What is the job of your capillaries?

Answer 5

They are narrow with very thin walls so the substances needed by your cells such as oxygen and glucose can easily pass out of your blood and into the cells by diffusion is in the same way substances produced by yourself such as carbon dioxide pass easily into the blood through the walls of the capillaries.

Question 6

What is the liquid part of your blood called?

Answer 6

Plasma.

Question 7

What does your plasma carry and what for?

Answer 7

White blood cells-defence against disease.
Platelets-blood clots
Blood plasma & red blood cells- transporting materials around your body.

Question 8

What shape are your red blood cells and why?

Answer 8

They are concave shape which gives them an increased surface area so more diffusion of oxygen can take place.

Question 9

What are your red blood cells packed with?

Answer 9

Haemoglobin.

Question 10

What does Haemoglobin do?

Answer 10

Carries oxygen.

Question 11

Why don’t red blood cells have a nucleus?

Answer 11

So they have more space for Haemoglobin.

Question 12

What does Haemoglobin react with oxygen to produce when there is a large concentration of oxygen? What colour does this make your blood?

Answer 12

It reacts with oxygen to produce oxyhemoglobin. Red.

Question 13

What happens when there isn’t a high concentration of oxygen?

Answer 13

The reaction reverses and oxyhemoglobin splits into to to produce Haemoglobin and oxygen so the oxygen diffuses into cells which need it.

Question 14

How is your muscle provided with energy when they contract?

Answer 14

By glycogen stores which can be converted into glucose rapidly which supplies the fuel.

Question 15

Doing exercise what does your body produce more off?

Answer 15

Carbon dioxide.

Question 16

During exercise your muscles start contracting harder and faster what does this then mean they need more of and why?

Answer 16

Glucose and oxygen to supply their energy needs.

Question 17

What are the benefits of exercising? Regarding your heart and lungs.

Answer 17

Your heart and lungs become larger and develop better and more efficient supply which means they function as effectively as possible at all times even when you’re not exercising.

Question 18

What is a anaerobic respiration?

Answer 18

When you do vigourous exercise and your muscle cells become short of oxygen because the blood simply can’t provide enough oxygen fast enough.

Question 19

What are the end product of anaerobic respiration?

Answer 19

Lactic acid and water.

Question 20

What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration?

Answer 20

Glucose —–> Latin acid (+energy)

Question 21

What does the length of time you remain out of breath after exercise independent?

Answer 21

How fit you are.

Question 22

What do you need to do after finishing exercise during anaerobic respiration? Why?

Answer 22

You need to get rid of the lactic acid by it being broken down into carbon dioxide and water.

Question 23

What is your oxygen debt?

Answer 23

The amount of oxygen that you need to oxidise lactic acid to carbon dioxide and water.

Question 24

The bigger your oxygen debt the more ______

Answer 24

You puff and paint after exercise.

Question 25

The smaller your oxygen debt the more ______

Answer 25

The less you puff and paint after exercise.

Question 26

What is the function of your kidney? (3 things)

Answer 26

Homoeostasis.
Getting rid of poisonous urea.
Water balance your body.

Question 27

How does your kidney balance those changes?

Answer 27

It removes excess water which leaves your body through urine.
If you’re short of water your kidneys conserve it.
It keeps the mineral Ion balance (salt).

Question 28

How do your kidneys work?

Answer 28

They filter your blood and then reabsorb everything your body needs (so sugar glucose, amino acids, mineral salts) all move out of your kidneys through diffusion then back in (depending on what your Body needs) through active transport.