Transportation Issues Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the Most frequently documented outbrake on cruiseship?

A

Respiratory: influenza, legionelosis
GI: norovirus
Vaccine preventable illness; rubella and varicella

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2
Q

Most common health problems reported on cruise ship?

A
  1. 19-29% respiratory
  2. 9% are GI

12-18% injuries requiring medical visites

Death related to cardiac

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3
Q

What prevention messure for norovirus?

A

Frequent had washing

Norovurus very infectious because 
Low infective dose
Prolong shedding
Person to person
No long-term immunity
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4
Q

GI illness outbreaks associated to food & water?

A
Salmonella
Enterotoxigenic escherichias coli
Shigella
Vibrio
Staph aureus
Clostridium perfringens
Cyclospora
HE
Teichinella
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5
Q

Respiratory illness on cruiseship?

A

Influenza A and B: traveller at high risk of complication should receive 2 weeks prior travel

Legionellosis: severe pneumonia caused by inhalation of aerosolized water containing Legionella

Sx onset 2-10 days after exposure

65 and older pr those with underline med condition are at increase risk

Source: spa or contaminated water supply system

Diagnosis: legionella urine antigen testing
Collect respiratory secretion

Treatment: prompt antibiotic

20-25% cases are travel related

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6
Q

What are the common concerna during a flight?

A

Exacerbation of chronic illness
Thromboembolic
Communicable diseases
Spraying plain with insecticides

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7
Q

If you need supplemental in-flight oxygen?

A

Notify the airline 72 hrs in advance
Obtain info regarding screening pt respiratory equipment
Airline may not offer supplemental oxygen
Traveler must arrange supply

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8
Q

What is barotrauma?

A

Pressure inside air-filled, enclosed body space is not the same ad sir pressure inside the air raft

Happen during ascent or descent

Affect middle ear

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9
Q

How to prevent barotrauma?

A
  • avoid flying
  • pseudoephedrine 30 min before flight
  • allergy med
  • hydration
  • avoid carbonated beverage
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10
Q

Describe ventilation in aircrafts?

A

Recirculate 10-50% with outside air

Passes through filsers 20 tmes and more

New aircraft have hepa filters to capture 99.9% of bacteria, fungi, large virus

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11
Q

Common inflight medical events?

A
Vasovagal
GI
Respiratory
Cardiac. (2/3 of the cause)
Neurological
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12
Q

Tuberculosis on airflight. Notes

A

Cd. Recommend screening for flights more than 8 hrs if a person is positive with sputum

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13
Q

Antimicrobial prophylaxis should be considered when?

A

Household member travelling with ill traveller

Travel companion with very close contact

Setted next to ill passenger for 8 or more

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14
Q

What is the infectious period of someone with measles on a air craft?

A

Infectious 4 days before rash onset through 4 days after rash onset

Mmr vaccine given within 72 hrs of exposure or immuniglobulin within 6 days may prevent measles or minimize severity

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