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CELE Terminologies > Transportation Engineering > Flashcards

Transportation Engineering Flashcards

1
Q

a series of interconnected of interfaced cracks caused by fatigue failure of the asphalt concrete surface under repeated traffic loading

A

Alligator cracking

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2
Q

the height between the trough
and the crest of a wave

A

Amplitude

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3
Q

a layer consisting of properly designed mix of coarse aggregate fine aggregate, a filler and a bituminous binder

A

Asphaltic Concrete

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4
Q

the average of the spot
speeds of all vehicles passing a given point
in the highway

A

Average Speed

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5
Q

this normally consists of
aggregates such as gravel and crushed rock

A

Base Course

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6
Q

the max number of passenger cars that can pads a given point on a lane or roadway during one hour under the most nearly ideal roadway and traffic conditions which can possible be attained

A

Basic Capacity

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7
Q

highway appurtenances designed to prevent vehicular penetration from the travel way to areas behind the barrier such as to minimize damage to impacting vehicles and their occupants and to reduce the risk of injuries to pedestrians and workers

A

Barriers

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8
Q

process of proportioning cement,
water, aggregates and additives prior to mixing concrete

A

Batching

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9
Q

the physical configuration of
the seabed, the measurements of depths of water in the ocean, etc. and also information derived from such measurement

A

Bathymetry

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10
Q

an instrument use to
measure intensity of wind

A

Beauforts Scale

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11
Q

the mooring fitting for mooring ships during a storm installed close to the water line of the berth

A

Bitt

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12
Q

a 20 mm thick premix bitumen layer over which is laid a seal coat

A

Bitumen carpet

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13
Q

the exuding of bitumen onto the pavement surface causing a reduction in skid resistance

A

Bleeding or Flushing

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14
Q

cracks forming large interconnected polygons, usually with sharp corners or angles. These cracks are generally caused by hardening and shrinkage of the asphalt and/or reflection cracking from underlying layers such as cement treated base

A

Block Cracking

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15
Q

localized upward buckling and
shattering of the slabs at traverse joins or cracks

A

Blowups

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16
Q

the structure that protects
harbor from stormy waves and permits calm in the harbor

A

Breakwater

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17
Q

distance traveled by the
vehicle after the application of the brakes until it will stop

A

Braking Distance

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18
Q

waves which fall forward since the forward velocity of the crest particles exceeds the velocity of propagation of the wave itself. In deep water, this normally occurs when the wave length L is less than 7 times the wave height H (L < 7H) and in shallow water when the depth d is approximately equal to 1.25 H

A

Breaking Waves

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19
Q

Type of dolphins which
are designed to take the impact of the ship when docking and to hold the ship against a broadside wind. Therefore, they are provided
with fenders to absorbed the impact of the ship and to protect the dolphin and the ship from damage.

A

Breasting dolphins

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20
Q

the mooring fitting for mooring
ships during a storm installed at the
outside or outside/inside of the berth far from the waterline

A

Bollard

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21
Q

these consist of two curves in the same direction separated by a short tangent

A

Broken back curve

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22
Q

a structure for retaining or to
prevent earth or fill from sliding into water

A

Bulkhead

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23
Q

the maximum sustained 15 min
rate of flow, expressed in passenger cars
per hour per lane, which can be accommodated
by a uniform freeway segment under
prevailing traffic and roadway conditions in
one direction

A

Capacity

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24
Q

the points at which the cut or
fill slopes intersect the existing ground

A

Catch Point

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25
Q

markings that are often used to guide traffic into the right turning lanes separated by an island, such as corner island at a signalized intersection

A

Chevron markings

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26
Q

these are usually laid
out in the field by occupying the tangent to curve point TC with a transit and then establishing successive points by turning
deflection angles and measuring chords

A

Circular Curves

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27
Q

the pressure against a vertical
wall due to waves

A

clapotis

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28
Q

this term refers to any material
consisting of a mixture of aggregates, such as sand, gravel, or crushed stone, fastened together by cement

A

Concrete

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29
Q

these result when two
curves of differing radius join one another

A

Compound Curve

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30
Q

joints provided in
concrete cement pavement is suspended

A

Construction Joint

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31
Q

a type of rigid pavement, which has no transverse joints, except construction joints or expansion joints when they are necessary at specific positions such as at bridges. This type of pavement is typically used on high-volume, high-speed roadways

A

Continuously reinforced concrete pavements

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32
Q

this is the cost of any material that has to be obtained off job site in order to make a fill

A

Cost of borrow

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33
Q

this traffic conflict occurs when they cross paths directly

A

Crossing Conflicts

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34
Q

these are normally specified
in m/m or in percentages. In railway
practice, cross slopes may be expressed in millimeters that the high rail is above the low rail, since there is a standard horizontal distance maintained between rails

A

Cross Slope

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35
Q

the process of providing the
required water and maintaining a favorable temperature for a period of time after placing concrete

A

Curing

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36
Q

the existing ground is above the construction section

A

Cut or Excavation

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37
Q

primary consideration in the
design of geometric cross sections for highways, runways, and taxi ways

A

Drainage

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38
Q

waves in which the ratio of water depth to the wavelength is greater
than 0.5

A

Deep water waves

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39
Q

difference between the actual
travel time and a given segment of
transportation system and some ideal travel time for that segment

A

Delay

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40
Q

light retro reflecting devices
mounted at the side of the roadway in series to indicate the roadway alignment

A

Delineator

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41
Q

it is defined as the number of
vehicles per unit distance occupying a nth section of roadway at a given instant time and is usually measured in vehicles per mile or per km

A

Density

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42
Q

defines as the maximum safe
speed that can be maintained over a specified section of highway when conditions are so favorable that the design features of highway govern

A

Design speed

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43
Q

markings which are placed on sealed shoulders or other sealed portion of the road where traffic is not desired.

A

Diagonal markings

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44
Q

the spread of energy along a
wave crest

A

Diffraction

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45
Q

defined as the fraction of
time that vehicles are present at a point in space

A

Distance gaps

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46
Q

the reciprocal of
density which is usually measure in vehicles per mile or per kilometer

A

Distance separation

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47
Q

tide which occurs only one
high tide a day

A

Diurnal Tides

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48
Q

the process by which a vehicle
in a traffic stream leaves that traffic
stream, such as a vehicle leaving the outside lane if an expressway

A

Diverging

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49
Q

this traffic conflict occurs when vehicles leave the traffic stream

A

Diverging conflicts

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50
Q

the primary consideration in the
design of geometric cross sections for highways, runaways, and taxiways

A

Drainage

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51
Q

progressive disintegration of the surface between the heel paths caused by dripping of a gasoline or oil from vehicles

A

Drip track raveling

52
Q

an artificial basin for vessels
when the basin is pumped out

A

Dry dock

53
Q

the time that a wind blows across
the water

A

Duration

54
Q

these quantities are normally
expressed as volumes, in metric units, they are given in cubic meters

A

Earthwork

55
Q

these are in meters above some
datum; usually this datum is mean sea level, but it may be any arbitrary scale

A

Elevation

56
Q

the time linked with the two stages perception and intellection based on a particular traffic situation like fear or anger which has a vital influence on the final message or decision sent by the brain
to the muscle

A

Emotion

57
Q

these includes cost estimates
for various parts of the project and are used too evaluate the acceptability of bids and financial feasibility of the project

A

Estimates

58
Q

divided arterial highway for
through traffic with full or partial control of access and generally with grade separations at major intersection

A

Expressway

59
Q

organization primarily involved in planning designing, constructing, maintaining, and operating fixed facilities

A

Facility-oriented organization

60
Q

an open water with navigable depth

A

fairway

61
Q

elevation difference between
adjacent slabs at traverse joints. This is usually the result of pumping and is a major source of Portland concrete pavement

A

faulting

62
Q

the distance that the wind blows
over the sea in generating the waves is known as:

A

Fetch

63
Q

the existing ground is above the construction section

A

Fill or embankment

64
Q

A marine structure consisting of dolphins for tying up the ship and a platform for supporting the cargo handling equipment.

A

Fixed mooring berth

65
Q

warning devices use to supplement either controls and devices necessary to alert motorist of construction and maintenance activities of obstruction in roadway

A

Flashing lamps

66
Q

a pavement which has negligible
flexural strength

A

flexible pavement

67
Q

defines as the number of vehicles
per unit time passing a point in space and is usually expressed in vehicles per hour

A

flow

68
Q

the cost of excavation
normally includes the cost of removing the material from its existing state, hauling it up to some specified distance

A

Free haul distance

69
Q

The headway in a major stream, which is evaluated by a vehicle driver in a minor stream who wishes to merge into the major stream

A

Gap

70
Q

this view has elevation as its vertical axis and horizontal distance, measured perpendicular to the centerline, as its horizontal axis

A

Geometric cross section

71
Q

these are sometimes used in
constructing pavements. These are used to add strength, control moisture, and prevent the movement of fine materials into drainage layers

A

Geotextiles

72
Q

expressed as decima fractions or as
percentages

A

Grade

73
Q

these traffic solutions eliminates the crossing conflicts by placing
the conflicting traffic streams at
different elevations at their point of
intersection

A

Grade separation

74
Q

Waves are formed by the
frictional drag of wind across the water surface. This is a process of transferring energy from wind to water. Water particles are moved from their position by the wind,
and then returned to the original position by gravity, which is a restoring force.

A

Gravity waves

75
Q

a shore protection structure usually
built perpendicular to the coastline to retard littoral transport of sedimentary materials

A

Groin

76
Q

inform and advice road users of
directions, distance, routes, the location of services and points of interests

A

Guide sign

77
Q

the product of a volume of materials times the average distance it is hauled

A

Haul

78
Q

the reciprocal of flow is the
average time separation in the traffic stream and is usually measured in seconds

A

Headway

79
Q

A maximum wave height and wave period of the maximum wave height in wave train.

A

Highest wave

80
Q

this type of control on the object on the job site is commonly identified as primary, secondary and working

A

Horizontal Control

81
Q

these are described in terms of their lengths and their directions

A

Horizontal tangents

82
Q

waves in which the ratio of water depth to the wave length is less than 0.5 but greater than 0.40

A

Immediate water waves

83
Q

after perception occurs, the formation of new thoughts and ideas, recalling old memories of similar occasions to a particular traffic situation

A

Intellection

84
Q

a solid structure, which projects
into the sea perpendicular to the shore to berth vessels

A

Jetty

85
Q

the breakdown or disintegration of slab edges at joints or cracks, usually resulting in the loss of sound concrete and the progressive widening of the joint or crack

A

Joint or crack spilling

86
Q

distanced traveled by the
vehicle during the total reaction time

A

Lag distance

87
Q

the opposite side of a
structure facing the direction from which the wind comes

A

Leeward side

88
Q

the longest distance material should ever be hauled

A

Limit of economic haul

89
Q

cracks approximately
at right angles to the pavement center line.
These are caused by poorly constructed construction joints and shrinkage of the asphalt concrete surface; they may also be reflective cracks

A

Longitudinal cracking

90
Q

calculation of optimum haul
strategies and earthwork costs is done

A

Mass diagram

91
Q

a mixture of bitumen, fine
aggregate and filler in suitable proportion
heated to about 200 C in special cooker and
laid

A

Mastic asphalt

92
Q

the maximum speed that
cab be attained on a highway as the flow tends to zero

A

Maximum free speed

93
Q

the process by which a vehicle in
on traffic stream joins another traffic steam moving in the same direction such as a ramp vehicle joining a freeway stream

A

Merging

94
Q

this traffic occurs
when vehicles enter a traffic stream

A

Merging conflicts

95
Q

these models of traffic flow
describe the relationship among flow, speed
and density

A

Macroscopic

96
Q

these models of traffic flow
describe the motion of individual vehicles and their interactions with one another

A

Microscopic

97
Q

2 high and 2 low tides per day

A

Mixed diurnal tides

98
Q

A breakwater is a structure
constructed for the purpose of forming an artificial harbor with a water area so protected from the effect of sea waves as to provide safe shipping.

A

Mole

99
Q

prevailing winds which are seasonal blowing in one direction over part of the year and in the opposite direction the remainder of the year

A

Monsoon

100
Q

type of dolphins which
are not designed for the impact of the ship, as they located in back of the face of the dock where they will not be hit. They are located about 45 off the bow and stern.

A

Mooring dolphins

101
Q

the lowest tide of the month
when the line connecting the earth with sun and the moon form a right triangle that is when the moon is in its quarters

A

Neap tides

102
Q

defined as the fraction of time that vehicles are present at a point in space

A

Occupancy

103
Q

known as carriers, primarily concerned with operating fleets to
provide transportation services

A

Operating organization

104
Q

signs which provide means of
displaying essential traffic information on wide multilane roads, where some degree of
lane use control is required or where side of road clearance is insufficient to accommodate a road side sign

A

Overhead sign

105
Q

an arterial highway for non-
commercial traffic with full or partial control of access and usually located within
park

A

Parkway

106
Q

minimum sight distance required on a two lane, wo way
highway that will permit a driver to
complete a passing maneuver without colliding with an opposing vehicle and without cutting off the passed vehicle

A

Passing sight distance

107
Q

the layered structure placed
over a soil sub grade for forming a road

A

Pavement

108
Q

refers to the
structural adequacy of the pavement section

A

Pavement deflection

109
Q

refers to the condition
of a pavement in terms of its general appearance

A

Pavement distress

110
Q

the measurement of the
extent to which a road surface deviates from
the plane

A

Pavement roughness

111
Q

time required for transmission of the sensations received (through eyes, ears and body) to the brain and the spiral chord by the nervous system, to a particular traffic situation

A

Perception time

112
Q

the interval of time for two wave
crests to pass the same position in space

A

Period

113
Q

a berth structure projecting out from the shoreline

A

Pier

114
Q

these refer to drawings, usually
accompanied by notes, of various aspects or components of the design

A

Plans

115
Q

a type of rigid pavement, which has no temperature steel or dowels for the load transfer. This type of pavement is used mainly on low volume highways or when cement stabilized soils are used as sub material

A

Plain concrete pavement

116
Q

this is a drawing of the
facility as it would look to an observer directly above it

A

Plain view

117
Q

this view has elevation as its
vertical axis and horizontal distance, measured perpendicular to the centerline, as its horizontal axis

A

Profile

118
Q

line representing the
facility on the profile

A

Profile grade

119
Q

a sheltered place where the ship may receive or discharge cargo. It includes the harbor with its approach channels and anchorage places

A

Port

120
Q

the max number of
passenger cars that can pass a given point on a lane or roadway during one hour under
prevailing roadway and traffic conditions

A

Possible capacity

121
Q

the max number of
vehicles that can pads a given point on a lane or roadway during one hour without traffic density being so great as to cause unreasonable delay hazard or restrictions to the driver’s freedom to maneuver under the prevailing roadway and traffic

A

Practical capacity

122
Q

a layer of stone chipping coat
laid over a hot to make the surface water proof conditions

A

Prime coat

123
Q

a platform built in the harbor
parallel to the shore and backed up by ground

A

Quay

124
Q

a delay which results when the
demand for a facility exceed its capacity

A

Queue

125
Q

wearing away of the pavement
surface caused by the dislodging of
aggregate particles and binder

A

Raveling

126
Q

the total time required for
perception, intellection, emotion and volition that is from the instant the object comes in the line of sight of the driver to the instant he arrives a decision say to slow down or overtake, under normal circumstance

A

Reaction time

CELE Terminologies (5 decks)

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