Transportation Flashcards
Logistic channels includes:
Distribution networks
Transporttion systems
Distribution networks
Nodes:
Plants
WH= regional / local / transit points
Points of sales
Transportation systems
Connection of nodes of the system
Transportation is important because it has a big impact in:
Costs (Transportation & Inventory carring cost)
Service level (OCT & Punctuality)
It represents 4/5% of the turnover
transportation cost
Intransit stock
Safty stock
Cycle stock
Types of inventories dealt when distribution networks.
SS= K x sD,LT
Safty Stock
K: Service Level coeficient
sD,LT: sqroot(ELT x sD2 x ED2 x sLT2)
2 al cuadrado
s: standard deviation
Can you explain the graph of Reorder Point model and say what is SS for
Y axis = quantity
X axis = time
SS is a base line in quantity to face unpredictable demand.
My ROP considers the transport LT and to be covered until that day in terms of Q but what I order is day 0 needs.
In transit stock
ITS = F x LT
F:Demand flow
LT: transportation lead time
Service Level:
Oreder Cycle Time
Order processing LT
Order preparation LT
Transportation LT
Includes all the services fo phisical movement of goods from POO to POD at a required time
Diferent modes, solutions, providers, infrastructures.
Has to be complient with law
Transportation
Main variables defining a transportation problem?
- Customer needs:
Type of goods
Service Level
Terms of sales - Logistic service provider
- Demand and provider variables
Main variables defining a transportation problem
density
obsolescence
temperature
state
value
security
Customer needs:
Type of goods
Main variables defining a transportation problem
Order Cycle Time
Punctuality
traceability (tracking/tracing)
Customer needs:
Service Level
Main variables defining a transportation problem
Incoterms
Customer needs:
Terms of sales
Main variables defining a transportation problem
Different modes
differen vehicles
type of providers
Logistic service provider
Main transportation modes ordered by Cost, chipest on
Water
Rail
Road
Air
Main transportation modes ordered by Speed, fastest on
Air
Road
Rail
Water
Main transportation modes ordered by Accesibility, most on
Road
Rail
Air
Water
Road main characteristics
Door to door
limited risk of damage
quick load unload
Main types of road transportation
FTL Full Truck Load
LTL Less than a Truck Load
For medium to long haulge.
Is a Unit dedicated only to a shipper.
Not handled after load.
Normal handling equipment.
Main driver saturation
Handling is negligible compared to transit time.
FTL
Full Truck Load
In Road:
What is the Optimal freight density
the ratio between the maximum weight capacity and the maximum cube capacity.
It is the density that saturates both weight and cube capacity
weight max: 28ton
volume max: 80 m3
optimal density is 350 kg/m3
Transport
How can transportation cost be written?
TC=F* d *R
Flow
distance
rate
Transportation
LTL Less than a truck load
Local distribution
saturation of time (managerial)
increase points to toach in time (saturation on points)
Transportation
common carrier, unit train, car, less than a car
You got time
cost gap piggy water
rail
transportation
low intercontinental
hard accesibility
water
transportation
expensive relaible fast hard to access
freight only or passenger + freight
Air
piggy back
rail + road
fishyback
water + road
Intermodal
rail + rode
Benefit
rode slope increases higher than rail slope. if i combine them maximizing rail i gan get a saving
