Transport Systems

Question 1

Describe xylem vessels

Answer 1

Xylem vessels are hollow, dead tubes

Question 2

What do the walls of xylem vessels contain?

Answer 2

Rings of tough woody lignin for support

Question 3

Describe a polem vessel.

Answer 3

Carry dissolved food from the leaves, up and down the plant. Polem cells are alive.

Question 4

What cell controls the phloem unit?

Answer 4

The companion cell controls the polem vessel and provides energy

Question 5

Describe how polem vessels transport food.

Answer 5

Food is transported in the cytoplasm strands through the sleeve plants from cell to cell

Question 6

Describe a root hair cell.

Answer 6

~ Specialised plant cells found in roots which increases the absorbing area
~ Allows water from the soul to enter the cell by osmosis

Question 7

What is transpiration?

Answer 7

The evaporation of water through the stomata

Question 8

What factors affect transpiration?

Answer 8

Temperature, humidity and wind speed.

Question 9

What would increase the rate of transpiration?

Answer 9

Increasing the temperature and wind speed

Question 10

What would decrease the rate of transpiration?

Answer 10

Increase in humidity

Question 11

At the lungs…

Answer 11

Oxygen diffuses into the blood. Carbon dioxide diffuses into the Aveolus

Question 12

At the cells…

Answer 12

Oxygen diffuses into the cells. Carbon dioxide diffuses Into the blood

Question 13

What is digestion?

Answer 13

Breakdown of large insoluble food molecules into small soluble food molecules

Question 14

Why is digestion important?

Answer 14

Allows the food molecules to pass through the small intestine/gut wall and into the blood

Question 15

What is peristalsis?

Answer 15

Food moves along the alimentary canal due to muscular contractions

Question 16

What makes peristalsis work?

Answer 16

Saliva must be prescient in the digestive tract?

Question 17

What is the small intestine?

Answer 17

Long tube where end products of digestion are absorbed

Question 18

What are villi’s?

Answer 18

Small finger like projections where absorption takes place

Question 19

Name 3 advantages of the small intestine

Answer 19

Folded on the inside ~ gives larger surface area

Thin walls ~ allows materials to absorb easier

Villi ~ absorbs food: finger like projections gives larger surface area

Question 20

Name structures of alveoli and how they help it

Answer 20

Very thin lining - allow faster diffusion

Surface lining is moist - gases can dissolve before they diffuse

Millions of them - larger surface area

Question 21

Any food that is not digested passes into the what?

Answer 21

Large intestine

Question 22

Describe what a xylem vessel does?

Answer 22

Carries water and minerals from the souls to the leaves for photosynthesis.