Transport systems Flashcards
Components of blood
Plasma
Red blood cells
White blood cells
Platelets
Red blood cell function & how is it specialised
They deliver oxygen all over the body
- Haemoglobin to bind oxygen
-No nucleus, allowing more space to carry
haemoglobin - A biconcave shape, which increases the surface area for oxygen uptake
2 types of White blood cells
Lymphocytes
Phagocytes
Function of lymphocytes
They make proteins called antibodies to bind to pathogens & inactivate them
Function of phagocytes
Carry out phagocytosis by engulfing pathogens and digesting them
What vein carries blood into the heart
Vena cava
What does the pulmonary artery do
Carries deoxygenated blood from right side of heart to lungs
What does the aorta do
The artery that carried blood from left side of heart to circulatory system
What does the pulmonary vein do
Carries oxygenated blood from lungs to heart
Which side of heart takes oxygenated blood and deoxygenated blood
Right side of heart = deoxygenated blood to lungs
Left side of heart= oxygenated blood to body
Pathway of deoxygenated blood
From body into heart through vena cava , into right atrium then right ventricle then to pulmonary artery then goes back to lungs
What does the vena cave do
Carries blood into heart
Pathway of oxygenated blood
Brought back to heart from pulmonary vein into left atrium then into left ventricle then is pumped out to take blood all over body by the Aorta
What is it called when oxygen and haemoglobin combine
oxyhaemoglobin
Why does the heart have valves
The heart has 4 valves to stop the blood from flowing backwards within the heart
Where do the heart muscles get there oxygen
They get their oxygenated blood from the coronary arteries
How do the Coronary arteries give oxygen to the heart muscles
The coronary arteries run over the surface of the heart and supply oxygen and glucose to the muscle cells
Artery features
- Carry blood away from heart
- Thick, muscular walls.
- Narrower central channel
- Carry blood under high
pressure
Vein features
-Carry blood into heart.
-Thinner walls.
- Wider channel.
- Carry blood under lower pressure.
- veins have valves to prevent blood going backwards
Capillaries features
- Form networks that connect arteries to veins
- very thin walls
- large surface area
-allow efficient exchange of materials
Role of oxyhaemoglobin
To release oxygen making it available to the body
What does the blood transport
Oxygen , nutrients & carbon dioxide
What chemical allows the red blood cells to complete their function
Haemoglobin
What is the circulatory system
Blood vessels that carry blood away and into the heart
