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Biochem > Transport Phenomena in Bioprocess System > Flashcards

Transport Phenomena in Bioprocess System Flashcards

1
Q

For diffusivity when the solvent is water, the ____ correlation equation is used

A

Othmer-Thakar

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2
Q

Above some critical bulk oxygen concentration, the cell metabolic machinery is ____ with oxygen

A

saturated

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3
Q

In the final phase of the process which involves only this biotransformation, oxygen demand is directly couple to product formation through _____

A

stoichiometry

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4
Q

In two-film theory, mass transfer coefficient is ___ with film thickness

A

inversely proportional

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5
Q

In penetration theory, mass transfer coefficient is ____ with exposure time

A

inversely proportional

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6
Q

In surface renewal theory, mass transfer is directly proportional to the _____of diffusivity

A

square root

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7
Q

The mass transfer coefficient is highly dependent on the vessel’s geometry configuration and ____ properties of the fluid.

A

physical

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8
Q

____ number is a dimensionless number that involves mass and momentum diffusion

A

Schmidt

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9
Q

The variation of inverse transmittance with interfacial area is _____

A

exponential

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10
Q

Maximizing the oxygen-transfer rate is by ____ the power consumption

A

minimizing

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11
Q

In dynamic gassing out technique, _____ electrode is used to measure oxygen concentration

A

polarographic

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12
Q

____ is used to measure aeration capacity of a fermenter

A

Mass transfer coefficient

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13
Q

The light ____ technique is most frequently used for the determination of average mean diameter in gas-liquid dispersion.

A

scattering

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14
Q

A stable size is achieved when ____ fluctuations and surface tension forces are in balance.

A

turbulent

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15
Q

For aerated mixing vessels in an aqueous solution, the oxygen transfer rate is ____ proportional to the power consumption.

A

inversely

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16
Q

A ___ solvent viscosity can result in a significant decrease in the mass transfer coefficient

A

high

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17
Q

The efficiency and mass transfer coefficients drop significantly at ____ surfactant concentrations

A

low

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18
Q

The level of DO in the media is a function of ____

A

temperature

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19
Q

The ____ is the ratio of power for the aerated fluid and the non-aerated powered system.

A

power number

20
Q

states that the molar flux of a component A relative to the average molal velocity of all
constituent JA is proportional to the concentration gradient dCA/dz

A

Fick’s First Law of Diffusion

21
Q

is the most widely used correlation for dilute solutions of nonelectrolytes

A

Wilke-Chang

22
Q

At steady state, the oxygen transfer rate to the gas-liquid interface equals its transfer rate through the ___

A

liquid-side film

23
Q

For sparingly soluble species, M is much ____ than unity; kg is typically considerably ____than kl

A

larger; larger

24
Q

the average volumetric rate of oxygen utilization is _____to oxygen absorption rate only if hydrodynamic conditions, interfacial area/volume, and oxygen concentrations are uniform throughout the vessel.

A

equal

25
Q

The maximum possible mass-transfer rate is simply found by setting all oxygen entering the bulk solution equal to _____

A

zero

26
Q

a maximum in specific O2 demand occurs in the
early ____ phase

A

exponential

27
Q

total oxygen demand, occurs near the end of the ____ phase

A

exponential

28
Q

Oxygen may also be consumed as a reactant in _____

A

biotransformation

29
Q

This technique monitors
the change in the oxygen concentration, while an oxygen-rich liquid is deoxygenated by passing
nitrogen through it

A

Dynamic gassing out technique

30
Q

In this technique, a gaseous oxygen analyzer is used to estimate the oxygen concentration in the gas stream entering and leaving the fermenter.

A

Direct Measurement

31
Q

technique is implemented in a microorganism-rich aerated batch fermenter over which the oxygen material balance is applied

A

Dynamic Technique

32
Q

based on the oxidation of sodium sulfite to sodium sulfate in the presence of catalyst

A

Sodium Sulfite Oxidation Method

33
Q

rate of sulfite consumption is determined solely by the rate at which oxygen is transferred from the _____

A

gas phase

34
Q

The dissolved oxygen concentration is virtually ____ due to the very rapid reaction with sulfite

A

zero

34
Q

The reaction is ____ with respect to both H2O2 and the enzyme, catalase

A

first order

35
Q

It is determined by instabilities in the gas stream that enters the liquid phase, which cause the stream to fragment into separate bubbles instead of moving continuously through the vessel.

A

Bubble formation

36
Q

It depends on the competition between surface tension, which stabilizes the bubble, and local fluid forces, which tend to tear the bubble apart

A

Bubble breakup

37
Q

referred to as the measurement of the total concentration of ions in the
solution, weighted by ion charge

A

Ionic strength

38
Q

mechanical force-generated bubbles in electrolyte solutions are considerably ____ than those in pure water

A

smaller

39
Q

Higher power input leads to smaller bubbles, thereby _____ the interfacial area

A

increasing

40
Q

is equal to the gas feed volumetric flow rate divided by the vessel cross section area times the gas holdup.

A

superficial gas velocity

41
Q

Type of agitator equipped with flat blades create a radial flow pattern

A

Turbine disk (Rushton)

42
Q

The most common type of agitator is turbine. It consists of several short blades mounted on a central shaft.

A

Turbine inclined blades

43
Q

In this type of fermenter, the generated flow pattern is axial flow since the fluid moves axially down to the center and up the side of the tank.

A

Propeller, marine type

44
Q

Agitator requires ____
power and less air input to achieve equivalent mixing and the same mass transfer coefficient

A

lower

45
Q

made of thousands of tiny bubbles of mechanical or chemical origin generated
within a liquid.

A

foams

Biochem (4 decks)

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