TRANSPORT MECHANISM

Question 1

Structure and Composition of
Cell Membrane

Answer 1

Lipid Bilayer / Phospholipids Bilayer

Question 2

The_____are commonly associated with the cell membrane

Answer 2

Membrane Protein

Question 3

Protein that are embedded in the membrane.

Answer 3

Integral proteins

Question 4

Proteins found on the inner or outer surface of membrane

Answer 4

Peripheral proteins

Question 5

These are proteins that regulate the movement of molecule across the membrane

Answer 5

Transmembrane proteins

Question 6

Determine and maintains the structure form of the plasma membrane. Responsible for the shape of the cell and the attachment of macromolecules in the membrane

Answer 6

Interior protein network

Question 7

Responsible for recognition of foreign and local (self) cell tissues.

Answer 7

Cell surface markers

Question 8

Movement of molecules and solutes across the membrane

Answer 8

Transporters

Question 9

Protein needed by the cell for metabolic function

Answer 9

Enzyme

Question 10

Detects chemical message from the environment to elicit reactions

Answer 10

Cell surface receptors

Question 11

Bind to each other for recognition purposes

Answer 11

Cell surface I.M

Question 12

Movement of substances across the membrane without the expenditure of cellular energy

Answer 12

Passive transport

Question 13

Movement of substances across the membrane using energy from adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

Answer 13

Active transport

Question 14

Is the movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. Whenever a substance exists in greater concentration on one side of a semipermeable membrane, such as the plasma membrane, any substance that can move down its concentration gradient across the membrane will do so.

Answer 14

Simple Diffusion

Question 15

is the diffusion process used for those substances that cannot cross the lipid bilayer due to their size and/or polarity.
______________ of substances crossing the cell (plasma) membrane takes place with the help of proteins such as channel proteins and carrier proteins.

Answer 15

Facilitated diffusion

Question 16

less selective than carrier proteins, and usually mildly discriminate between their cargo based on size and charge.

Answer 16

Channel proteins

Question 17

are more selective, often only allowing one particular type of molecule to cross.

Answer 17

Carrier proteins

Question 18

diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane.

Answer 18

Osmosis

Question 19

The solutions being compared have equal concentration of solutes.

Answer 19

Isotonic

Question 20

The solution with the higher concentration of solutes.

Answer 20

Hypertonic

Question 21

The solution with the lower concentration of solutes.

Answer 21

Hypotonic

Question 22

The movement of ions or molecules across a cell membrane into a region of higher concentration, assisted by enzymes and requiring energy.

Answer 22

Active Transport

Question 23

One of the most common types of active transport involves proteins that serve as pumps. It transports sodium out of a cell while moving potassium into the cell, which is also called N+/K+.

Answer 23

Sodium Potassium Pump

Question 24

This method of transport occurs when 1 transporter moves 2 different molecule across the membrane directions. Uniport and Antiport

Answer 24

Counter Transport

Question 25

This Method of transport is when 1 protein shuttles 2 different molecules across the membrane in the same direction

Answer 25

Coupled/Cotransport

Question 26

large particles (or large quantities of smaller particles) are moved across the cell membrane. These mechanisms involve enclosing the substances to be transported in their own small globes of membrane, which can then bud from or fuse with the membrane to move the substance across.

Answer 26

Bulk/Vascular Transport

Question 27

the process of a cell ingesting material by enveloping it in a portion of its cell membrane, and then pinching off that portion of membrane Once pinched off, the portion of membrane and its contents becomes an independent, intracellular vesicle.

Answer 27

Endocytosis

Question 28

(“cell eating”) is the endocytosis of large particles. Many immune cells engage in phagocytosis of invading pathogens. Like little Pac-men, their job is to patrol body tissues for unwanted matter, such as invading bacterial cells, phagocytize them, and digest them.

Answer 28

Phagocytosis

Question 29

(“cell drinking”) brings fluid containing dissolved substances into a cell through membrane vesicles.

Answer 29

Pinocytosis

Question 30

Receptor-mediated endocytosis is endocytosis by a portion of the cell membrane that contains many receptors that are specific for a certain substance.

Answer 30

Receptor

Question 31

(taking “out of the cell”) is the process of a cell exporting material using vesicular transport. Many cells manufacture substances that must be secreted, like a factory manufacturing a product for export.

Answer 31

exocytosis