Transport In Man💓

Question 1

Lymphocytes VS Phagocytes

Answer 1

Large, rounded nucleus VS Lobed nucleus
Small amount of non-granular cytoplasm VS Granular cytoplasm
Produce antibodies against microorganisms VS Able to ingest foreign particles

Question 2

Blood platelets

{scientific name}

Answer 2

Thrombocytes

Question 3

White blood cells

{scientific name}

Answer 3

Leucocytes

Question 4

Red blood cells

{scientific name}

Answer 4

Erythrocytes

Question 5

Function of blood platelets

Answer 5

• not true cells
• Membrane-bound fragments of cytoplasm from certain bone marrow cells
• Important for clotting of blood

Question 6

Plasma contains _________ ____________ which recognize and bind to specific antigens on the _______ __________ ______.

Answer 6

Plasma contains natural antibodies which recognize and bind to specific antigens on the red blood cells

Question 7

Blood type A:
RBC: antigen ___
Plasma: antibody ____

Answer 7

RBC: antigen A
Plasma: antibody b

Question 8

Blood type B:
RBC: antigen ___
Plasma: antibody ____

Answer 8

RBC: antigen B
Plasma: antibody a

Question 9

Blood type O

Answer 9

-universal donor
Antibodies will not agglutinate since blood type O has no antigens
Donor’s (blood type O) antibodies a and b will be so diluted by the recipient’s blood
-hence, there’ll be no effect on the recipient’s red blood cell

Question 10

Blood type O
RBC: antigen ___
Plasma: antibody ____

Answer 10

RBC: No antigen

Plasma: antibodies a and b

Question 11

Blood type AB

Answer 11

• universal acceptor
• no antibodies in plasma
• No agglutination of red blood cells in donor’s blood will occur

Question 12

Agglutination of red blood cells

Answer 12

Antibody a in plasma binds to antigen A on red blood cells of donor’s blood

Question 13

Transport of oxygen to body cells

Answer 13

1) Blood passes through…Oxygen diffuses from…
2) Haemoglobin combined with…
3) Blood transports …
4) At the tissue cells, oxyhaemoglobin…

Question 14

Protective functions of blood

Answer 14

1) Blood clotting
2) Phagocytosis
3) Production of antibodies

Question 15

The clotting process

Answer 15

• Blood clots when exposed to air

- This seals the wound, prevents the entry of bacteria and further loss of blood

Question 16

Clotting process 1-4

1) Damaged tissues and platelets…
2) Thrombokinase converts…
3) Thrombin converts soluble…

Answer 16

1) Damaged tissues and platelets release thrombokinase
2) Thrombokinase converts prothrombin to thrombin
3) Thrombin converts soluble fibrinogen to insoluble fibrin threads which entangle the blood cells and forms a clot

Question 17

Veins

Answer 17

Have valves to prevent blood from flowing backwards

Question 18

Arteries

Answer 18

• Transport oxygenated blood

- Thick muscular walls to support blood coming from the heart which is at higher pressure

Question 19

Veins

Answer 19

• transport deoxygenated blood back to the heart
• relatively thin walls with less elastic tissue as flow of blood is slower, hence blood pressure is lower compared to arteries

Question 20

Capillaries

Answer 20

Capillary network increases surface area and total cross sectional area for more efficient exchange of substances between blood and cells

Question 21

How are substances exchanged between capillaries and tissue cells?

Answer 21

Diffusion☄