Transport in Humans: Components in Blood

Question 1

What is the function of red blood cell?

Answer 1

Transport OXYGEN from the LUNGS to the rest of the BODY

Question 2

State 4 adaptation features of rbc that supports its function.

Answer 2

1. Biconcave in shape
2. No nucleus
3. Contains haemoglobin
4. Elastic

Question 3

How does Biconcave in shape support the function in rbc?

Answer 3

• INCREASES THE CELL’S SURFACE AREA TO VOLUME RATIO

- Thus, cell can ABSORB AND RELEASE OXYGEN AT A FASTER RATE

Question 4

How does haemoglobin support the function of rbc?

Answer 4

• binds REVERSIBLY with OXYGEN and

- transport oxygen from lungs to all parts of the body in the form of OXYHAEMOGLOBIN

Question 5

How does absence of nucleus support the function of rbc?

Answer 5

-MORE CAPACITY so that MORE haemoglobin can be CARRIED and transported and thus MORE OXYGEN.

Question 6

How does elasticity help support the function of rbc?

Answer 6

Allows rbc to SQUEEZE THROUGH the narrow blood capillaries easily so that OXYGEN can be transported efficiently to all parts of the body:)

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Question 7

What is the function of plasma?

HHDW

Answer 7

Transport substance such as hormones,heat, digested food and waste substances

Question 8

State the 4 features of white blood cells.

Answer 8

1. Colourless
2. Does not contain haemoglobin
3. Contains nucleus
4. irregular in shape

Question 9

What are the 2 kinds of white blood cells?

Answer 9

Lymphocyte and phagocyte.

Question 10

What does a phagocyte do?

Answer 10

it ENGULF and destroy foreign particles such as bacteria

Question 11

How is antibody produced?

Answer 11

1. Foreign particles such as bacteria and virus, gain entry into the blood stream
2. they STIMULATE the lymphocytes to produce ANTIBODIES

Question 12

In 3 ways, how does a lymphocyte protect the body?

Answer 12

1. Antibodies NEUTRALISES the toxins produced by bacteria
2. Antibodies destroy bacteria by attaching to them which cause the bacterial surface membrane to rupture
3. causing the bacteria to clump together which makes it easier for phagocyte to ingest them

Question 13

Platelets: How does a blood clot?

Answer 13

1. damaged tissues and platelets produce THROMBOKINASE
2. THROMBOKINASE AND CALCIUM ION CONVERTS PROTHROMBIN TO THROMBIN
3. Thrombin CATALYSES the conversion of soluble FIBRINOGEN to insoluble threads of fibrin
4. Insoluble fibrin threads entangle blood cells and form a CLOT

Question 14

Why do organ transplantation rejection occur?

Answer 14

• The transplanted organ may be treated as FOREIGN BODY by the recipient’s immune system
• The recipient’s LYMPHOCYTE may respond by PRODUCING ANTIBODIES to destroy the transplanted organ.