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Biology - Chapter 8 > Transport in animals > Flashcards

Transport in animals Flashcards

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1
Q

What does it mean for animals increasing in size?

A

Their diffusion pathway is larger

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2
Q

Which animals have a better SA:V ratio?

A

Large animals have a smaller SA:V ratio (similar in numbers)

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3
Q

Why do larger animals need more O2 the small animals?

A

More active, more cells in body, more waste

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4
Q

What are the three blood vessels?

A

Arteries, veins, capillaries

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5
Q

What do arteries do?

A

Carry blood at high pressure away from heart to entire body

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6
Q

What are arteries made up of?

A

Lumen, Tunica intima (made of endothelium, smooth inside), tunica media (elastic), tunica external (tough collagen)

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7
Q

What do capillaries do?

A

Exchange materials with cells

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8
Q

Structure of capillaries?

A

Small lumen (slow down blood flow), one cell thick wall (ideal for diffusion)

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9
Q

What are venules?

A

Small veins, made of endothelium

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10
Q

What do veins do?

A

Returns blood to the heart at low pressure

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11
Q

Structure of veins?

A

Large lumen and valves do avoid back flow, thin wall

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12
Q

What are erythrocytes?

A

Red blood cells

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13
Q

What are leukocytes?

A

White blood cells

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14
Q

What are platelets?

A

Cell fragments (involved in clotting)

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15
Q

What is plasma?

A

Where dissolved substances are transported

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16
Q

What is tissue fluid?

A

Formed from plasma and contains many solutes and WBC

17
Q

What is mass flow?

A

Directed movement of materials, some type of force causing it

18
Q

What is the main blood vessel in insects?

A

The dorsal vessel

19
Q

What is the blood inside insects called?

A

Haemolymph

20
Q

What is the body cavity of insects called?

A

Haemocoel

21
Q

What name is given to an insects heart?

A

Tubular heart

22
Q

What are the Ostia?

A

One way valves in the heart to let blood back in

23
Q

What are the four main parts of the heart and where are they?

A

Ventricles at the bottom, atria at the top, left ventricle/atrium on the right hand side and right ventricle/atrium on the left hand side

24
Q

What is the septum?

A

The bottom tissues of the heart, also goes separates the two sides

25
Q

Where are the valve tendons located?

A

In the top of the ventricles

26
Q

Which half of the heart carries oxygenated blood?

A

Left

27
Q

Which half of the heart carries deoxygenated blood?

A

Right

Biology - Chapter 8 (1 decks)

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