Transport In Animals Flashcards
What is a double circulatory system?
One in which the blood flows through the heart twice for each circuit of the body.
Why do very small animals not need a separate transport system?
Because all their cells are surrounded/ very close to their environment in which they live
What are the three main factors that influence the need for a transport system?
Size
Surface area to volume ratio
Level of metabolic activity
Why does the diffusion pathway increase?
In a large organism this happens because of the many layers of cells.
Why do mammals need a lot of energy?
They maintain their body temperature.
What are the five features pod a good transport system?
Fluid or medium to carry nutrients A pump to creat pressure Exchange surfaces Tubes or vessels Two circuits
What is the order of blood in a single circulatory system? (For a fish)
Heart
Gills
Body
Heart
What is the order of a double circulatory system in mammals?
Heart Body Heart Lungs Heart
What happens in the single circulatory system of a fish?
Blood pressure drops as blood passes through capillaries of gills
Blood has a lower pressure flowing towards the body and will not flow quickly
Rate at which oxygen and nutrients are delivered and that urea is excreted is very low
Why can blood pressure not be too high in mammals?
May damage the delicate capillaries in the lungs
Why does blood flow faster in mammals?
Under a higher pressure as it flows round the body making it flow faster
What carries blood at a higher pressure? Systemic or pulmonary circulation?
Systemic, smaller capillaries higher pressure.
High pressure in pulmonary can be damaging to capillaries in lungs
Where is energy released from in mammals? And in what process?
Food in the process of respiration.
