Transport In Animals Flashcards
What is a closed circulatory system
The heart pumps the blood under high pressure through the blood vessels where organs are not in direct contact with blood and the respiratory gases are transported in the blood bby respiratory pigments eg haemoglobin
Explain the transport in insects
Insects use an open circulatory system (spiracles) with a dorsal shaped heart and a fluid filled body cavity the blood flows freely through tissues through spaces known as haemocel
Explain the transport in annelids (earthworms)
Use a closed circulatory system where the blood is contained by blood vessels under pressure. Organs are not in direct contact with the blood and respirator gases are transported
What is a double circulatory system
The blood must pass through the heart twice every time it goes around the body once
What is a single circulatory system
Blood passes through the heart once every time it passes around the body
What is pulmonary circulation in humans
Where the right side of the heart pumps bloody between the heart and the lungs
What is the systematic circulation in a human
Where the left side of the heart pumps blood from the heart to the rest of the body
What are the advantages of a double circulatory system
High blood pressure is sustained
Faster circulation
Oxygenated and deoxygenated blood is kept seperate
Oxygen distribution is improved
What is the pulmonary artery
Carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs from right ventricle
What is the pulmonary vein
Carries oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium
What is the aorta
Carries oxygenated blood from the left ventricle to the body tissues
What is the vena cava
Carries deoxygenated blood from body to the right atrium
What are the ventricles
Thick walled chambers that generate high pressures of blood when the walls contract so the blood can be forced over a greater distance
Why is the left ventricle larger than the right ventricle
Has a thicker muscle wall so it can generate high pressures to transport the blood around the whole body and not just to the lungs
What is the function of the atrioventricular valves
Prevent backflip of blood from the ventricles to the atria during ventricular systole
