Transpiration and translocation

Question 1

How does water enter plant roots?

Answer 1

osmosis

Question 2

How do mineral ions enter plant roots?

Answer 2

active transport

Question 3

What is the function of the xylem?

Answer 3

Transport water and mineral ions from roots to leaves

Question 4

What is the function of phloem?

Answer 4

transport sucrose around the plant

Question 5

Why do xylem cells have lignin in them?

Answer 5

To strengthen the cell

Question 6

Are xylem cells living or dead?

Answer 6

Dead

Question 7

Are phloem cells living or dead?

Answer 7

Dead

Question 8

Which type of transport takes place in the xylem?

Answer 8

transpiration

Question 9

Which type of transport takes place in the phloem?

Answer 9

translocation

Question 10

What are stomata?

Answer 10

Pores/holes in the underside of the leaf

Question 11

Why does a plant need stomata?

Answer 11

For gas exchange

Question 12

Which cells control opening and closing of stomata?

Answer 12

Guard cells

Question 13

How do guard cells control opening and closing of stomata?

Answer 13

When there is lots of water, water enters guard cells by osmosis and causes them to become plump and turgid. This opens the stomata. When there is less water, water leaves the guard cells by osmosis causing them to become thin and flaccid, closing the stomata

Question 14

Does transpiration need energy?

Answer 14

No

Question 15

Does translocation need energy

Answer 15

yes

Question 16

How do phloem cells get energy for translocation?

Answer 16

Companion cells next to the phloem provide the energy.

Question 17

What is transpiration?

Answer 17

movement of water from the roots of a plant up to the leaves where it evaporates through stomata.

Question 18

Which factors can increase transpiration?

Answer 18

High temperature, low humidity, high air movement, high light intensity

Question 19

Why does increasing temperature increase transpiration?

Answer 19

More water molecules evaporate from the leaf through the stomata. Rate of diffusion is increased

Question 20

Why does decreasing humidity increase transpiration?

Answer 20

Makes a greater concentration gradient between the leaf and the air so diffusion is faster

Question 21

Why does increasing air movement increase transpiration?

Answer 21

Maintains concentration gradient between leaf and air, increasing rate of diffusion

Question 22

Why does increasing light intensity increase transpiration?

Answer 22

Rate of photosynthesis increases and stomata open for gas exchange, causing water to diffuse out.

Question 23

Which piece of equipment can measure rate of transpiration?

Answer 23

potometer

Question 24

How does a potometer work?

Answer 24

Potometer measures how much water a plant takes up, therefore how much is lost through transpiration