Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

theory > transmission of infection > Flashcards

transmission of infection Flashcards

1
Q

most cost effective intervention for world wide disease

A

hand washing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is produced by immune system and can either destroy or inactive pathogens

A

antibodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

special group or type of antibodies that render a toxic substance harmless

A

antitoxins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

most microorganism that cause disease are called

A

pathogens (germs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

bacteria sometime call germs or microbes are called

A

one celled microorganism that grow best in warm dark damp/dirty environments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

bacteria are classified as what 2 categories

A

non pathogenic and pathogenic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are non pathogenic

A

NON disease producing HARMLESS BENEFICIAL approx 70% of all bacteria many live on surface of skin medical applications cause decay of refuse or vegetation LIVE ON DEAD OR DECAYING ORGANIC MATTER = SAPHROCYTES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are pathogenic

A

DISEASE producing can cause disease and live everywhere some cause infections, produce toxins (poison) spread easily via contamination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

when a disease spread from 1 person to another via contamination

A

contagious or communicable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what simple action can prevent pathogens from spreading

A

washing hands before and after treatment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

examples of contagious bacterial diseases include

A

strep throat staph infection impetigo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

bacteria causing infection by

A

invading body thru break in skin or natural openings like mouth nose eyes ears

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

an infections occurs

A

when insufficient numbers of antibodies are produced by the Boyd defense immune sys to fight harmful bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

majority of skin infections are caused by

A

staph and strep bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

problems such as skin infections can be

A

a contraindication (reasons for withholding a particular treatment)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

highly resistant bacterial infections include

A

MRSA, MYCOBACTERIUM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

MRSA

A

(methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus)
HIGHLY contagious
enters skin thru open wounds can cause staph infections may appear as pimples or boils resistant to most antibiotics many infected people DONT show symptoms (disinfection procedures are required to reduce exposure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

mycobacterium

A

contagious bacteria often found in soil or water including tap water treated with chlorine to prevent pathogens from entering avoid having cracked or dry skin *** sinks pedicure bowls area using water are required for method prevention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

virus: submicroscopic infectious particle

A

smaller than bacteria require a host to multiply otherwise can’t survive not treatable with antibiotics invade cells and redirect to produce more virus symptoms may appear 10-14 days of exposure MOST CONTAGIOUS JUST DAYS BEFORE SYMPTOMS APPEAR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what can be preventative measure for certain virus such as hepatitis

A

vaccinations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

3 examples of diseases

A

respiratory gastrointestinal infections
chicken pocks
measles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

infection control

A

term used to describe efforts to prevent the spread of communicable disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

cleaning

A

standards apply to removing dirt debris potential pathogens to aid in slowing the growth of pathogens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

disinfection

A

standards required products to kill certain pathogens (bacteria, fungi, virus) w exception of spores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
sterilization
standard state of all microbial life including spores must be killed or destroyed
26
cleaning
removal of surface or visible dirt and potential pathogens using soap detergent or chemical cleaner followed by clean water rinse preparation step for non porous items before disinfecting reduces number and slows growth of pathogens on both porous and nonporous surface
27
cleaning is performed on
noncritical objects (objects that come in contact with unbroken skin)
28
facts about cleaning
does NOT kill pathogens but helps slow and reduce growth reduces amount of organic matter that contributes to growth of pathogens requires mechanical or scrubbing process that causes pathogens to loosen for removal ALONE DOES NOT MAKE IT SAFE TO USE
29
sanitizer
chemical product used to reduce pathogens on surface that are nonporous surface
30
antiseptic
**waterless sanitizer can be applied to skin to reduce pathogens
31
what % of isopropyl alc or hydrogen peroxide can be used as topical antiseptic for the skin
70%
32
change air conditioner and forced air filters
as needed
33
disinfection
kills certain pathogens w exception of spores on nonporous surface tools and multiuser suppliers
34
disinfectants
chemical products used to kill certain pathogens (bacteria virus fungi) w exception of spores on nonporous surface * can be toxic, regulated by law thru governing agency *works well on nonporous & multiuse supplies but can be harmful to skin
35
bactericidal kills
Bacteria
36
fungicidal kills
fungi
37
virucidal kills
virus
38
SDS
safety data sheet designed to provide key info on specific products
39
efficacy
ability to produce results or efficiency
40
who approves efficacy
EPA, products used for infection control manufacture submits product for verification and lists on product label
41
EPA registration number
product gets number along w approval of efficacy claims on label which indicates results have been verified
42
important terms related to efficacy
blood borne pathogens OSHA blood borne pathogen standards EPA registered disinfectant
43
blood borne pathogen
infectious micro organism in human blood that can cause disease
44
EPA registered disinfectant
refers to chemical products assigned by EPA as being effective on nonporous surfaces to control the spread of disease
44
OSHA blood borne pathogen standards
use an approved spa registered bactericidal, viruscidal fungicidal disinfectant labeled as effective against HBV and HIV according to manufactures instruction
45
EPA approves of disinfectants of
solutions wipes sprays
46
when choosing a disinfectant
quick and effective adhering to contact time listed on label; only way to ensure pathogens are killed/inactivated complete immersion
47
disinfected solution (concentrated liquid)
USE: various dilutions depending on purpose; non porous tools, work surface floors DIRECTION: follow manufactures instructions for dilution procedure, contact time HAZARD: irritant to skin
48
wipe
USE: works on surface electrical wires cabling DIRECTIONS: wipe over area HAZARD: irritation to skin
49
spray (pump/aersol)
USE: works on surface DIRECTIONS: spray & wipe dry HAZARD: inhalation of fumes
50
quaternary ammonium compounds QUATS
multiple quotes blended working together to increase effectiveness of disinfectant product ** usually able to disinfect within 10 mins
51
sodium hypochlorite 5.25% concentrate (bleach)
needs to have EPA registered # containing at least 5% sodium hypochlorite diluted to a 10% solution ** to be disinfectant, bleach needs to contain chlorine * store away from heat/light
52
accelerated hydrogen peroxide
based on stabilization needs to be changed every 14 days nontoxic to skin available in spray, solution, and wipes
53
phenolic disinfectant (tuberculocidal)
CANCER CAUSING chemical only be used w EPA label when required by regulatory agency
54
nonporous tools/ multi use supplies
disinfect after each use
55
electrical equipment
disinfect unplugged electrical appliances using EPA registered disinfectant
56
large surfaces (workstation)
clean the surface
57
single use/ disposable
POROUS items cannot be disinfected properly discarded after each use
58
multiuser/ reusable
NONPOROUS needs to be cleaned then disinfected w EPA registered disinfectant
59
ALL tools and supplies that comes in contact during a service must be
discarded or disinfected
60
single use gloves
required for waxing or extraction procedure when there is possibility to blood or bodily fluids ** most common: latex, vinyl , nitrile
61
to ensure proper storage and labeling
tightly cover/ label store in an area cool and dry purchase in small quantities
62
to ensure proper use of disinfectant
remove items from disinfectant tongs gloves draining basket avoid inhaling or spilling avoid contact w skin and eyes immediately wipe up spill wear single use gloves and safety glasses wash hands after handling
63
follow manufactures instruction to mix use and dispose of disinfectants
wear gloves, protective apron, safety glasses when making disinfectants dilute concentration according to manufacters instructions as required by EPA change disinfection solution daily rinse empty chemical container place in covered bin follow waste disposal/ recycling requirements
64
follow manufacture instruction to dispose of sharp objects from aerosol cans
dispose of sharp objects in sealable puncture proof Sharpe container do not pierce or burn aerosol cans
65
sterilization is
MOST EFFECTIVE infection control procedure killing or destroying all microbial life including spores critical use tools must be disposed of puncture proof container or sterilized
66
sterilization define
eradication of all microbial life including bacterial spores through the use of heat steam or chemical sterilants ***AUTOCLAVE: piece of equipment used to sterilize objects using steam at high pressure
67
aseptic procedure
used to reduce contamination w proper handling of disinfected & sterile tools & equipment
68
cross contamination
unintentional transfer of harmful bacteria from one person to another w harmful effects
69
decanting
remove product from original container into separate new or sterile container
70
autoclave
pressurized steam heated vessel that sterilizes nonporous tools and equipment w high pressure and heat or pressurized steam **found in some skin care centers used on critical instruments that are used to kill pathogens DONT use on high freuquency or galvanic device electrodes *spore testing is required to ensure functionality thru independent lab every 30 days *biological monitoring to verify unit is functioning properly is required WEEKLY
71
sterilization
*kills ALL pathogens (bacterial spores) *tools that are used to puncture or invade skin *heat or steam calibrated to various temps or chemical sterilants
72
disinfection
*Kills BACTERIA VIRUS FUNGI (except bacterial spores) *nonporous tools that came in contact w blood/ bodily fluids (or no contact) *EPA registered bactericidal, viruscidal, fungicidal disinfectant labled effective against HBV HIV according to manufactures instruction
73
cleaning
*REMOVES dirt debris potential pathogens *counter tops sinks floors toilet, towel, linens, ur hands *soap and warm water
74
to record all accidents that happen in a work place
salon and spas have accident logbooks ** good Samaritan law encourages other ppl to help in emergencies
75
bleed and wound guidelines
glove ur hands place clean cloth over wound w firm pressure for 5 mins call 911 if severe bleeding elevate injured arm or leg above victims heart when bleeding stops secure bandage DO NOT entirely remove cloth from wound visually inspect flow of blood thru cloth *****only consider tourniquet if bleeding is uncontrollable or pulsating
76
first degree burn
SUPERFICIAL burn never blisters heals 3-4 days NO SCARRING
77
2nd degree
extends beneath epidermis into dermis blisters form
78
3rd degree
extends all the way thru second layer of skin may or may not blister
79
to avoid burning a client w exfoliation to peel
patch test inside arm or behind the ear
80
chemical burn will cause
extreme erythema or redness mild to severe itching as burn starts to heal
81
welts often appear
on the skin or overall puffiness
82
while protecting urself from chemical peels burn
for DRY chemicals brush off remaining material but NOT in the air
83
to remove glycolic or AHA
use neutralizer
84
85
to prevent further burning
remove contained clothing or jewelry rinse burn by running cool tap water for 10+ mins loosely apply bandage soothing emollient under cool compress
86
seek emergency care
client shows sign of shock burn has penetrated thru 1st layer of skin and diameter of 3'
87
electrical burns are usually caused
by faulty equipment or improper use
88
if skin is not broken
immerse in cold water or apply cool compress w bandage clean w dry cloth
89
do not break blister if one forms
and do not apply ointment or creams
90
choking guidelines
determine if victim can speak or cough call 911 while performing abdominal thrust stand behind victim wrap arms around stomach make thumbless fist place above belly button well below ribs thumb and forefinger side should be toward the victim perform abdominal thrust by grasping fist w other hand pulling inward and slightly upward
91
fainting is caused by
sudden drop in blood pressure which can prevent oxygen going into the brain
92
fainting guidelines
lay victim on back make sure they have air reassure victim & add cold compress if victim vomits roll on side
93
chemical in eye
hold eye lid apart and flush eyeball w LUKEWARM water for 15-30 mins *be careful not to let runoff water flow into other place gauze above both eyes

theory (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions