Transmission Lines, Losses and Parameters

Question 1

The distributed analysis of uniform transmission lines was started by

Answer 1

William Thomson
(Lord Kelvin) in 1855

Question 2

The distributed analysis of uniform transmission lines was
completed by

Answer 2

Oliver Heaviside about 1885.

Question 3

Also called “Resistive Losses”, is the most common type of loss, these occur due to the
resistance of the conductor material, leading to power dissipation in the form of heat.
Copper losses are proportional to the square of the current (I²R) and are exacerbated by
the skin effect, where high-frequency currents concentrate near the conductor’s surface,
increasing effective resistance.

Answer 3

Copper Losses

Question 4

At high frequencies, the current tends to concentrate near the surface of
the conductor

Answer 4

SKIN EFFECT

Question 5

occur when the insulating material between conductors absorbs
energy from the alternating electric field, converting it into heat. These losses
depend on the material’s dielectric constant and frequency

Answer 5

Dielectric Losses

Question 6

At high frequencies, the transmission line can act as an antenna,
radiating some of the electromagnetic energy into space

Answer 6

Radiation losses

Question 7

If the transmission line is located near metallic objects, currents can be
induced in these objects, leading to power loss.

Answer 7

Induction

Question 8

are non-propagating waves that exist in certain media where the
signal frequency is lower than the cutoff frequency.

Answer 8

Evanescent Wave Losses

Question 9

can occur when the
harmonics of two signal wavelengths overlap with the frequency of a third
wavelength

Answer 9

Four-Wave Mixing