Translation

Question 1

What do ribosomes do in protein synthesis for eukaryotes?

Answer 1

Ribosomes can produce any type of protein as long as you feed it appropriate genetic information

Question 2

What are the three types of RNA?

Answer 2

Messenger RNA (mRNA) - least
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)- lots
Transfer RNA (tRNA)- less

Question 3

What does polycistronic mean?

Answer 3

Several genes on one mRNA transcript

Question 4

What is the small bacterial ribosome subunit?

Answer 4

30S (small) subunit: involved in initiation of translation

Question 5

What is the large bacterial ribosome subunit?

Answer 5

50S (large subunit): contains peptidyl transferase active site

Question 6

What is the difference between bacterial and eukaryotic ribosome?

Answer 6

Differs in number and size of proteins and rRNAs
Bacterial: 70S (30+50)
Eukaryotic: 80S (40+60)

Question 7

How is polycistronic mRNA translated?

Answer 7

RBS: RNA sequence found in mRNA to which ribosomes can bind and initiate translation

Question 8

How is the genetic code translated?

Answer 8

tRNA reads code and carries encoded amino acid to ribosome

Question 9

What are the A, P, E sites of protein synthesis?

Answer 9

A = acceptor site
P = normal anchors peptide chain
E = exit site