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Initial
mark or sign (a document) with one’s initials in order to authorize or validate it.
the first letter of a name or word, typically a person’s name or a word forming part of a phrase.
existing or occurring at the beginning
exquisite
extremely beautiful and, typically, delicate.
a man who is affectedly concerned with his clothes and appearance; a dandy.
strive
make great efforts to achieve or obtain something.
melt
make or become liquefied by heat.
slight
insult (someone) by treating or speaking of them without proper respect or attention.
small in degree; inconsiderable.
an insult caused by a failure to show someone proper respect or attention.
posture
he position in which someone holds their body when standing or sitting.
a particular way of dealing with or considering something; an approach or attitude.
behave in a way that is intended to impress or mislead.
chaotic
in a state of complete confusion and disorder.
homogeneous
of the same kind; alike.
substance
a particular kind of matter with uniform properties.
the real physical matter of which a person or thing consists and which has a tangible, solid presence.
the quality of being important, valid, or significant.
deserted
(of a place) empty of people.
spiritual
relating to or affecting the human spirit or soul as opposed to material or physical things.
relating to religion or religious belief.
a religious song of a kind associated with black Christians of the southern US, and thought to derive from the combination of European hymns and African musical elements by black slaves.
marginal
relating to or situated at the edge or margin of something.
a plant that grows in water adjacent to the edge of land.
sway
move or cause to move slowly or rhythmically backward and forward or from side to side.
a rhythmical movement from side to side.
rule; control.
trigger
1 to make something happen very quickly, especially a series of events
2 to make something such as a bomb or electrical system start to operate SYN set off
temperament
a person’s or animal’s nature, especially as it permanently affects their behavior.
the adjustment of intervals in tuning a piano or other musical instrument so as to fit the scale for use in different keys; in equal temperament, the octave consists of twelve equal semitones.
emerging
becoming apparent or prominent.
somewhat
to a moderate extent or by a moderate amount.
pragmatic
dealing with things sensibly and realistically in a way that is based on practical rather than theoretical considerations.
agenda
a list of items to be discussed at a formal meeting.
prestigious
inspiring respect and admiration; having high status.
insist
demand something forcefully, not accepting refusal.
curiosity
a strong desire to know or learn something.
stereotype
view or represent as a stereotype.
a widely held but fixed and oversimplified image or idea of a particular type of person or thing.
interpretation
the action of explaining the meaning of something.
cherish
protect and care for (someone) lovingly
mature
fully developed physically; full-grown.
having reached the most advanced stage in a process.
(of an organism) become physically mature.
gleam
to shine softly
from scratch
از ابتدا
convention
a way in which something is usually done, especially within a particular area or activity.
an agreement between countries covering particular matters, especially one less formal than a treaty.
primitive
way of life belonging to a simple way of life that existed in the past and does not have modern industries and machines OPP advanced, modern
not modern something that is primitive is very simple and does not have the extra modern parts that would make it faster, better, more comfortable etc
animals/plants a primitive animal or plant has a simple structure or body
destined
seeming certain to happen at some time in the future
a destined person or thing is one that you will have in the future
confined
a confined space or area is one that is very small SYN restricted
delicate
needing to be dealt with carefully or sensitively in order to avoid problems or failure
easily damaged or broken SYN fragile
someone who is delicate is hurt easily or easily becomes ill
sceptic
a person who disagrees with particular claims and statements, especially those that are generally thought to be true
dangle
to hang or swing loosely, or to make something do this
mission
an important job that involves travelling somewhere, done by a member of the air force, army etc, or by a spacecraft
an important job that someone has been given to do, especially when they are sent to another place
something that you feel you must do because it is your duty SYN calling, vocation
make out
to be just able to see or hear something
to understand something, especially the reason why something has happened
to understand someone’s character and the way they behave
creature
living thing anything that is living, such as an animal, fish, or insect, but not a plant
an imaginary animal or person, or one that is very strange and frightening
imaginary or strange an imaginary animal or person, or one that is very strange and frightening
fragment
a small piece of something that has broken off or that comes from something larger
shed
a small building, often made of wood, used especially for storing things
a large industrial building where work is done, large vehicles are kept, machinery is stored etc
(of a tree or other plant) allow (leaves or fruit) to fall to the ground.
strip
a long narrow piece of paper, cloth etc
a long narrow area of land
forebear
someone who was a member of your family a long time in the past SYN ancestor
catapult
a large weapon used in former times to throw heavy stones, iron balls etc
British English a small stick in the shape of a Y with a thin rubber band fastened over the two ends, used by children to throw stones SYN slingshot American English
a piece of equipment used to send an aircraft into the air from a ship
recognition
the act of realizing and accepting that something is true or important
public respect and thanks for someone’s work or achievements
punctuate
to interrupt something, especially when this is repeated
to divide written work into sentences, phrases etc using commas, full stops etc
meanwhile
while something else is happening
(also in the meanwhile) in the period of time between two events
used to compare two things, especially if they are completely different and are happening at the same time
scatter
if someone scatters a lot of things, or if they scatter, they are thrown or dropped over a wide area in an irregular way
if a group of people or animals scatter, or if something scatters them, they move quickly in different directions
boast
to talk too proudly about your abilities, achievements, or possessions
if a place, object, or organization boasts something, it has something that is very good
boast to talk too proudly about your abilities, achievements, or possessions because you want other people to admire you
shallow
measuring only a short distance from the top to the bottom OPP deep
not interested in or not showing any understanding of important or serious matters – used to show disapproval
feat
something that is an impressive achievement, because it needs a lot of skill, strength etc to do
miraculous
very good, completely unexpected, and often very lucky
a miraculous action or event is believed to be caused by God, and is impossible according to the ordinary laws of nature
droop
to hang or bend down, or to make something do this
to become sad or weak
denude
to remove the plants and trees that cover an area of land
to take something away from someone or something
sane
able to think in a normal and reasonable way OPP insane, mentally ill → sanity
reasonable and based on sensible thinking
meticulous
very careful about small details, and always making sure that everything is done correctly
obsess
if something or someone obsesses you, you think or worry about them all the time and you cannot think about anything else – used to show disapproval
be obsessing about/over something/somebody
alter
to change, or to make someone or something change
to make a piece of clothing longer, wider etc so that it fits
elaborate
having a lot of small parts or details put together in a complicated way SYN intricate
carefully planned and organized in great detail SYN complex
desire
a strong hope or wish
a strong wish to have sex with someone
assess
to make a judgment about a person or situation after thinking carefully about it SYN judge
to calculate the value or cost of something
scenery
the natural features of a particular part of a country that you can see, such as mountains, forests, deserts etc
the painted background, furniture etc used on a theatre stage SYN set
interpret
[intransitive, transitive] to translate spoken words from one language into another
[transitive] to believe that something someone does or something that happens has a particular meaning
[transitive] to explain the meaning of something
[transitive] to perform a part in a play, a piece of music etc in a way that shows your feelings about it or what you think it means
blank
without any writing, print, or recorded sound
a blank face or look shows no emotion, understanding, or interest → blankly
whore
taboo
an offensive word for a woman who has many sexual partners. Do not use this word.
revoke
to officially state that a law, decision, or agreement is no longer effective → revocation
dove
a kind of small white pigeon (=bird) often used as a sign of peace
someone in politics who prefers peace and discussion to war OPP hawk
reassemble
1 [transitive] to bring together the different parts of something to make a whole again, after they have been separated
2 [intransitive] if a group of people reassemble, they meet together again after a period apart
oasis
1 a place with water and trees in a desert
2 a peaceful or pleasant place that is very different from everything around it SYN havenan oasis of calm/serenity/tranquillity etc
nestle
1 [intransitive, transitive always + adverb/preposition] to move into a comfortable position, pressing your head or body against someone or against something soft
2 [intransitive always + adverb/preposition] literary to be surrounded by something, especially hills or countryside
lie
1 flat position a) [intransitive] to be in a position in which your body is flat on the floor, on a bed etclie on/in etc
b) (also lie down) [intransitive always + adverb/preposition] to put yourself in a position in which your body is flat on the floor or on a bed
c) [intransitive always + adverb/preposition] to be in a flat position on a surfacelie on/in etc
2 exist [intransitive always + adverb/preposition] if a problem, an answer, blame etc lies somewhere, it is caused by, exists, or can be found in that thing, person, or situation
3 place [intransitive always + adverb/preposition] if a town, village, etc lies in a particular place, it is in that place
4 future [intransitive always + adverb/preposition] if something lies ahead of you, lies in the future etc, it is going to happen to you in the future
hitherto
up to this time
luminous
shining in the dark
very brightly coloured, especially in green, pink, or yellow SYN Day-Glo
superimpose
1 to put one picture, image, or photograph on top of another so that both can be partly seen
2 to combine two systems, ideas, opinions etc so that one influences the other
panic
1 [countable usually singular, uncountable] a sudden strong feeling of fear or nervousness that makes you unable to think clearly or behave sensibly
2 [countable usually singular, uncountable] a situation in which people are suddenly made very anxious, and make quick decisions without thinking carefully
3 [singular] especially British English a situation in which you have a lot to do and not much time to do it in → rush
permanent
continuing to exist for a long time or for all the time in the future OPP temporary
investment
1 [countable, uncountable] the use of money to get a profit or to make a business activity successful, or the money that is used
2 [countable] something that you buy or do because it will be useful latera good/sound investment
3 [singular, uncountable] when you spend a large amount of time, energy, emotion etc on something
egghead
someone who is very intelligent, and only interested in ideas and books
lay off
1 lay somebody ↔ off to stop employing someone because there is no work for them to do → lay-off
2 lay off (something) informal to stop using or doing something
3 lay off (somebody) informal to stop annoying someone or hurting them
4 lay something ↔ off to pass the ball to someone in your team in a game such as football – used in sports reports
damper
1 → put a damper on something
2 a type of small metal door that is opened or closed in a stove or furnace, to control the air reaching the fire so that it burns more or less strongly
3 a piece of equipment that stops a movement from being too strong
4 a piece of equipment that stops a piano string from making a sound
imply
1 to suggest that something is true, without saying this directly → infer, implication
2 if a fact, event etc implies something, it shows that it is likely to be true SYN suggestimply (that)
3 if one thing implies another, it proves that the second thing exists
pretend
1 [intransitive, transitive] to behave as if something is true when in fact you know it is not, in order to deceive people or for fun
2 [transitive usually in negatives] to claim that something is true, when it is notpretend (that)
obedience
when someone does what they are told to do, or what a law, rule etc says they must do OPP disobedience
sabotage
1 to secretly damage or destroy equipment, vehicles etc that belong to an enemy or opponent, so that they cannot be used
2 to deliberately spoil someone’s plans because you do not want them to succeed
relevant
directly relating to the subject or problem being discussed or considered OPP irrelevant
torture
1 an act of deliberately hurting someone in order to force them to tell you something, to punish them, or to be cruel
2 severe physical or mental suffering
1 to deliberately hurt someone in order to force them to give you information, to punish them, or to be cruel
2 if a feeling or knowledge tortures you, it makes you suffer a lot mentally SYN torment
improvise
1 to do something without any preparation, because you are forced to do this by unexpected events
2 to make something by using whatever you can find because you do not have the equipment or materials that you need
3 to invent music, words, a statement etc from your imagination, rather than planning or preparing it first
resent
to feel angry or upset about a situation or about something that someone has done, especially because you think that it is not fair
mock
1 [intransitive, transitive] formal to laugh at someone or something and try to make them look stupid by saying unkind things about them or by copying them SYN make fun of
2 [transitive] formal to make something seem completely useless
veteran
1 someone who has been a soldier, sailor etc in a war
2 someone who has had a lot of experience of a particular activity
provoke
1 to cause a reaction or feeling, especially a sudden one → provocation
2 to make someone angry, especially deliberately
muggy
informal muggy weather is unpleasantly warm and the air seems wet SYN humid► see thesaurus at damp, hot, wet
fudge
1 [uncountable] a soft creamy brown sweet food
1 [intransitive, transitive] to avoid giving exact details or a clear answer about something
2 [transitive] to change important figures or facts to deceive people SYN fiddle
sore
1 a part of your body that is sore is painful, because of infection or because you have used a muscle too much
2 → sore point/spot/subject (with somebody)
3 [not before noun] especially American English informal upset, angry, and annoyed, especially because you have not been treated fairly
4 [only before noun] British English used to emphasize how serious, difficult etc something is
ditto
1 used to say that you have exactly the same opinion as someone else
2 used to say that what is true of one thing is also true of another
a mark (〃) that you write immediately under a word in a list to show that the same word is repeated
snooty
rude and unfriendly, because you think you are better than other people SYN snotty
power trip
a self-aggrandizing quest for ever-increasing control over others
informal if you are on a power trip, you are enjoying your power or authority in a way that other people think is unpleasant
refuse
1 [intransitive] to say firmly that you will not do something that someone has asked you to do
2 [intransitive, transitive] to say no to something that you have been offered SYN turn down
3 [transitive] to not give or allow someone something that they want, especially when they have asked for it officially
delegate
someone who has been elected or chosen to speak, vote, or take decisions for a group → representative
thoughtful
1 always thinking of the things you can do to make people happy or comfortable OPP thoughtless
2 serious and quiet because you are thinking a lot
3 well planned and carefully thought about
intentional
done deliberately and usually intended to cause harm SYN deliberate OPP unintentional
thrill
1 [countable] a sudden strong feeling of excitement and pleasure, or the thing that makes you feel this
rugged
1 land that is rugged is rough and uneven
2 a man who is rugged is good-looking and has strong features which are often not perfect
3 a vehicle or piece of equipment that is rugged is strongly built and not likely to break easily SYN sturdy
4 rugged behaviour is confident and determined but not always polite
consensual
1 involving the agreement of all or most people in a group
2 consensual sexual activity is wanted and agreed to by the people involved
adequate
1 enough in quantity or of a good enough quality for a particular purpose SYN sufficient OPP inadequate
2 fairly good but not excellent → satisfactory
dedication
1 [uncountable] hard work or effort that someone puts into a particular activity because they care about it a lot
2 [countable] an act of dedicating something to someone, or a ceremony where this is done
3 [countable] the words used at the beginning of a book, film, or piece of music, thanking someone or saying that book etc has been written to show respect for them
merit
1 [countable] an advantage or good feature of something
2 [uncountable] formal a good quality that makes someone or something deserve praise
gross
1 total [only before noun] a) a gross sum of money is the total amount before any tax or costs have been taken away → net
b) a gross weight is the total weight of something, including its wrapping
2 very bad [only before noun] clearly wrong and unacceptable
3 nasty spoken very unpleasant to look at or think about SYN disgusting
4 fat informal extremely fat and unattractive
obnoxious
very offensive, unpleasant, or rude
surveillance
1 when the police, army etc watch a person or place carefully because they may be connected with criminal activities
2 when one country watches the military activities of another country to see what they are planning to do
3 when doctors, health departments etc watch an ill person or watch the development of a disease in a population
defeat
1 failure to win or succeed
2 victory over someone or something
squish
1 [intransitive always + adverb/preposition] to make a soft sucking sound by moving in or through something soft and wet
2 [intransitive, transitive] informal to squash something, especially something soft and wet, or to become squashed
perky
confident, happy, and active
supposed to
used when you are annoyed by what someone has just said
بنا بودن كه، قرار بودن كه، ملزم بودن كه، ميبايست، بايد، ضروري بودن، اجازه داشتن كه، حق داشتن كه
nerd
1 someone who seems only interested in computers and other technical things – used to show disapproval SYN geek
2 someone who seems very boring and unfashionable, and is not good in social situations
(امریکا- خودمانی) آدم بی عرضه، آدم ناموثر، شاگرد همیشه درس خوان ولی به جایی نرس
occasion
1 time
a) [countable] a time when something happens
b) [singular] a suitable or favourable time
2 special event [countable] an important social event or ceremony
3 cause/reason [uncountable] formal a cause or reason
dork
someone who you think is or looks stupid
assume
1 to think that something is true, although you do not have definite proof SYN presumeassume (that)
4 to start to have a particular quality or appearance SYN take on
5 to be based on the idea that something else is correct SYN presupposeassume (that)
unveil
1 to show or tell people about a new product or plan for the first time
2 to remove the cover from something, especially as part of a formal ceremony
mandatory
mændətəri $ -tɔːri/
if something is mandatory, the law says it must be done SYN compulsory, obligatory, → discretionary
derivation
[countable, uncountable +of] technical the origin of something, especially a word
nutshell
in a nutshell
used when you are stating the main facts about something in a short clear way
2 the hard outer part of a nut
nebulous
1 an idea that is nebulous is not at all clear or exact SYN vague
2 a shape that is nebulous is unclear and has no definite edges
hilarious
extremely funny
steer
1 car/boat etc [intransitive, transitive] to control the direction a vehicle is going, for example by turning a wheel
2 change somebody/something [transitive] to guide someone’s behaviour or the way a situation develops
3 be in charge of [transitive always + adverb/preposition] to be in charge of an organization, team etc and make decisions that help it to be successful, especially during a difficult time
4 guide somebody to a place [transitive] to guide someone to a place, especially while touching them
pull off
1 pull something ↔ off informal to succeed in doing something difficult
2 pull off (something) to drive a car off a road in order to stop, or to turn into a smaller road
dummy
1 for clothes a model that is the shape and size of a person, especially used in order to show clothes in a shop or when you are making clothes
2 copy an object that is made to look like a tool, weapon, vehicle etc but which you cannot use
3 doll a small model of a person, with a mouth that can be moved so that it looks as though it is talking, used for entertainment
4 sports British English a move in a sport such as football in which a player pretends to pass the ball but does not, in order to deceive the other team’s players
5 for babies British English a specially shaped rubber object that you put in a baby’s mouth for it to suck SYN pacifier American English
6 stupid person especially American English informal someone who is stupid
7 card game cards that are placed on the table by one player for all the other players to see in a game of bridge
emeritus
emeritus professor/director etc
or professor/director etc emeritus a professor, director etc who is no longer working but has kept his or her previous job title as an honour
uncharted
uncharted waters/territory/area etca situation or activity that you have never experienced or tried before
2 not marked on any maps
sue
1 to make a legal claim against someone, especially for money, because they have harmed you in some way
sue for peace
formal if a country or army sues for peace, they ask for peace, especially because there is no other good choice
butler
the main male servant of a house
clamp
1 [always + adverb/preposition] to put or hold something in a position so that it cannot move
clamp sanctions/restrictions etc on somebody
to put limits on what someone is allowed to do
3 [always + adverb/preposition] to hold two things together using a clamp
4 (also wheel-clamp) British English to put a clamp on the wheel of a car so that the car cannot be driven away. This is usually done because the car is illegally parked SYN boot American English
cast
cast light on/onto something
to provide new information about something, making it easier to understand
cast doubt(s) on something to make people feel less certain about something
light and shade [transitive] literary to make light or a shadow appear somewhere
5 look [transitive] literary to look quickly in a particular direction
trauma
1 [countable] an unpleasant and upsetting experience that affects you for a long time
2 [uncountable] a mental state of extreme shock caused by a very frightening or unpleasant experience
3 [countable, uncountable] technical an injury
fussy
1 very concerned about small, usually unimportant details, and difficult to please
2 fussy clothes, objects, buildings etc are very detailed and decorated – used to show disapproval OPP plain, simple
3 with small, exact, and careful actions, sometimes showing nervousness
legitimate
1 fair or reasonable
2 acceptable or allowed by law
3 a legitimate child is born to parents who are legally married to each other OPP illegitimate
contribute
1 [intransitive, transitive] to give money, help, ideas etc to something that a lot of other people are also involved in
2 [intransitive] to help to make something happen → contributory
3 [intransitive, transitive] to write articles, stories, poems etc for a newspaper or magazine → contributor
heal
1 (also heal up) if a wound or a broken bone heals or is healed, the flesh, skin, or bone grows back together and becomes healthy again
2 to make someone who is ill become healthy again, especially by using natural powers or prayer → cure
3 to become mentally or emotionally strong again after a bad experience, or to help someone to do this
4 if an argument or disagreement between people heals or you heal it, the people stop arguing or disagreeing
clutter
1 to cover or fill a space or room with too many things, so that it looks very untidy
2 to fill your mind with a lot of different things
you were under the weather
If you say that you are under the weather, you mean that you feel slightly ill. I was still feeling a bit under the weather.
investigate
1 [intransitive, transitive] to try to find out the truth about something such as a crime, accident, or scientific problem
2 [transitive] to try to find out more about someone’s character, actions etc, because you think they may have been involved in a crime
perp
a person who has committed a particular crime – used especially by police officers
perspire
if you perspire, parts of your body become wet, especially because you are hot or have been doing hard work SYN sweat
slick
1 if something is slick, it is done in a skilful and attractive way and seems expensive, but it often contains no important or interesting ideas
2 if someone is slick, they are good at persuading people, often in a way that does not seem honest
3 done smoothly and quickly
4 smooth and slippery
5 American English old-fashioned very good or attractive
hilarious
extremely funny
cheat
1 [intransitive, transitive] to behave in a dishonest way in order to win or to get an advantage, especially in a competition, game, or examination
2 [transitive] to trick or deceive someone so that they do not get or keep something they have a right to have
tail
1 animal the part that sticks out at the back of an animal’s body, and that it can move
2 Image of tail aircraft the back part of an aircraft
3 shirt the bottom part of your shirt at the back, that you put inside your trousers
4 back part [usually singular] the back or last part of something, especially something that is moving away from you
riveting
something that is riveting is so interesting or exciting that you cannot stop watching it or listening to it SYN fascinating
redeemable
able to be exchanged for money or goods
malfeasance
law illegal or dishonest activity
yuck
informal used to show that you think something is very unpleasant
stink
1 to have a strong and very unpleasant smell
2 spoken used to say that something is bad, unfair, dishonest etc
burst
1 break open [intransitive, transitive] if something bursts, or if you burst it, it breaks open or apart suddenly and violently so that its contents come out
be bursting with something
to have a lot of something or be filled with something
3 move suddenly [intransitive always + adverb/preposition] to move somewhere suddenly or quickly, especially into or out of a place
scrub
1 [intransitive, transitive] to rub something hard, especially with a stiff brush, in order to clean it
2 [transitive] informal to decide not to do something that you had planned SYN cancel
3 [transitive] to remove carbon dioxide from the gas that results from burning coal, before letting it out into the air
ape
1 an animal that is similar to a monkey but has no tail or only a very short tail
go ape
informal to suddenly become very angry
a game
To ape someone is to imitate them, often in a mocking way. Most people don’t like being aped. To ape is to imitate, but it can mean a few different things. One type of aping is to blatantly imitate something or someone in every way.
obstacle
1 something that makes it difficult to achieve something
2 an object which blocks your way, so that you must try to go around it
assertive
behaving in a confident way, so that people notice you► see thesaurus at confident
جسور، پر مدعا، پر جرات، کسی که از حق خود دفاع می کند، سمج، حاضرجواب، بی محابا
wreak
wreak havoc/mayhem/destruction (on something)
to cause a lot of damage or problems
wreak revenge/vengeance (on somebody)formal to do something unpleasant to someone to punish them for something they have done to you
disruptive
causing problems and preventing something from continuing in its usual way
distract
to take someone’s attention away from something by making them look at or listen to something else
bother
1 make an effort [intransitive, transitive usually in questions and negatives] to make the effort to do something
2 worry [intransitive, transitive] to make someone feel slightly worried, upset, or concerned
3 annoy [intransitive, transitive] to annoy someone, especially by interrupting them when they are trying to do something
5 cause pain [transitive] if a part of your body bothers you, it is slightly painful or uncomfortable
ambition
1 [countable] a strong desire to achieve something
2 [uncountable] determination to be successful, rich, powerful etc
insult
1 to offend someone by saying or doing something they think is rude
insult somebody’s intelligence
to say or do something that suggests you think someone is stupid
compensate
1 [intransitive] to replace or balance the effect of something bad
2 [transitive] to pay someone money because they have suffered injury, loss, or damage
whiff
1 a very slight smell of something
a whiff of danger/adventure/freedom etc
a slight sign that something dangerous, exciting etc might happen
impractical
1 not sensible or possible for practical reasons
2 not good at dealing with ordinary practical matters, such as making or repairing things
raving
1 talking or behaving in a crazy way
2 especially British English used to emphasize that someone or something has a lot of a particular quality
lunatic
1 someone who behaves in a crazy or very stupid way – often used humorously
2 old-fashioned a very offensive word for someone who is mentally ill
haunt
1 if the soul of a dead person haunts a place, it appears there often
2 to make someone worry or make them sad
3 to cause problems for someone over a long period of time
hook up
a temporary connection between two pieces of equipment such as computers, or between a piece of equipment and an electricity or water supply
frustrating
making you feel annoyed, upset, or impatient because you cannot do what you want to do
drastic
extreme and sudden
offend
1 [intransitive, transitive] to make someone angry or upset by doing or saying something that they think is rude, unkind etc
2 [transitive] to seem bad or unacceptable to someone
3 [intransitive] formal to commit a crime or crimes
4 [intransitive, transitive] formal to be against people’s feelings of what is morally acceptable
consecutive
consecutive numbers or periods of time follow one after the other without any interruptions OPP non-consecutive
nasty
1 behaviour nasty behaviour or remarks are extremely unkind and unpleasant
2 person someone who is nasty behaves in an unkind and unpleasant way
3 experience/situation a nasty experience, feeling, or situation is unpleasant
4 sight/smell etc having a bad appearance, smell, taste etc
5 injury/illness severe or very painful
6 substance a nasty substance is dangerous
lame
a) unable to walk properly because your leg or foot is injured or weak
b) the lame [plural] people who are lame
2 a lame excuse or explanation is weak and difficult to believe
3 informal boring or not very good SYN poor
fishy
1 informal seeming bad or dishonest SYN suspicious
2 tasting or smelling of fish
oblige
1 [transitive] if you are obliged to do something, you have to do it because the situation, the law, a duty etc makes it necessary
2 [intransitive, transitive] to do something that someone has asked you to do
tangible
1 clear enough or definite enough to be easily seen or noticed OPP intangible
rumor
1 information or a story that is passed from one person to another and which may or may not be true
owe
1 money to need to pay someone for something that they have done for you or sold to you, or to need to give someone back money that they have lent you → borrow, lend
2 something done/given to feel that you should do something for someone or give someone something, because they have done something for you or given something to you
abound with/in something
if a place, situation etc abounds with things of a particular type, it contains a very large number of them
Absenteeism
regular absence from work or school without a good reason
Accompany
1 to go somewhere with someone
2 to play a musical instrument while someone sings a song or plays the main tune
3 to happen or exist at the same time as something else
Accomplish
to succeed in doing something, especially after trying very hard SYN achieve
Accuse
to say that you believe someone is guilty of a crime or of doing something bad
Acquire
1 formal to obtain something by buying it or being given it
2 to get or gain something
Acquaintance
1 SOMEBODY YOU KNOW [countable] someone you know, but who is not a close friend
2 RELATIONSHIP [singular, uncountable] a relationship with someone you know, but who is not a close friend
4 KNOWLEDGE [uncountable] formal knowledge or experience of a particular subject
Advocate
to publicly support a particular way of doing something
afflict
to affect someone or something in an unpleasant way, and make them suffer
Afford
can/could afford
[usually negative]
a) to have enough money to buy or pay for something
2 formal to provide something or allow something to happen
Aggravate
1 to make a bad situation, an illness, or an injury worse OPP improve
2 to make someone angry or annoyed SYN irritate
Ailment
an illness that is not very serious
Alienate+Alienation
1 to do something that makes someone unfriendly or unwilling to support you
2 to make it difficult for someone to belong to a particular group or to feel comfortable with a particular person
Aliment
رزق ،قوت لايموت ،قوت دادن ،غذا دادن
Allege+Allegation
to say that something is true or that someone has done something wrong, although it has not been proved
Allocate
to use something for a particular purpose, give something to a particular person etc, especially after an official decision has been made
Alluvial
made of soil left by rivers, lakes, floods etc
Almighty
the Almighty/Almighty God/Almighty Father
expressions used to talk about God that emphasize His power
Alternate
1 if something happens on alternate days, weeks etc, it happens on one day etc and not the next, and continues in this pattern → every other
2 two alternate things are placed one after the other in a regular pattern
Amenity
something that makes a place comfortable or easy to live in
Amorphous
having no definite shape or features
Analogy
something that seems similar between two situations, processes etc
Anecdote
a short story based on your personal experience
Annoy
to make someone feel slightly angry and unhappy about something SYN irritate
Antidote
1 a substance that stops the effects of a poison
2 something that makes an unpleasant situation better
Anthropology
مردم شناسي
Apace
happening quickly
Arable
relating to growing crops
Acquire
to obtain something by buying it or being given it
to get or gain something
acquaintance
SOMEBODY YOU KNOW [countable] someone you know, but who is not a close friend
KNOWLEDGE [uncountable] formal knowledge or experience of a particular subject
0
0
Afflict
رنجور کردن، ازردن، پریشان کردن
Afford
حاصل کردن، از عهده برامدن، تهیه کردن، دادن، موجب شدن، استطاعت داشتن
Aggravate
اضافه کردن، بدتر کردن، خشمگین کردن، خونکسی را بجوش اوردن
Ailment
درد، ناراحتی، بیماری مزمن
Alienate
بیگانه کردن، انتقال دادن، منحرف کردن
Aliment
رزق، غذا، قوت لایموت، قوت دادن
Allege-Allegation
مدعی، اظهار، بهانه، ادعا، تایید
Allocate
اختصاص دادن، تخصیص دادن
Almighty
قادر مطلق، توانا برهمه چیز، قدیر
Amenity
معنی: ملایمت، نرمی
معانی دیگر: وسیله ی پذیرایی، (جمع) تسهیلات، (چیز) خوشایند، وسیله ی رفاه، خوشایندی، سازگاری، مطبوعیت
Amorphous
بی نظم، بی شکل، غیر متبلور، غیر شفاف، بدون تقسیم بندی، دارای ساختمان غیر مشخص
Audacious
بی پروا، متهور، بی باک، بی شرم
Authentic
صحیح، درست، موثق، معتبر، قابل اعتماد
Bargain
معامله، داد و ستد، خرید ارزان، قرارداد معامله، سودا، قرارداد معامله بستن، چانه زدن، خریدن، خریداری کردن
Bitter
تند، تیز، تلخ، جگرسوز
Bizarre
غریب و عجیب، غیر مانوس، ناشی از هوس، وهمی
Blade
تیغ، شمشیر، تیغه، پره، استخوان پهن، پهنای برگ، هر چیزی شبیه تیغه
Bloom
شکوفه، گل دادنی، شکوفه کردن، به کمال و زیبایی رسیدن، طلوع کردن
Bolster
متکا، بالش، با بالش نگهداشتن، تکیه دادن، تقویت کردن، پشتی کردن
Bonanza
ثروت باد اورده، منبع عایدی مهم، رگه بزرگ طلا یا نقره
Breed
نوع، جنس، گونه، اعقاب، اولاد، پروردن، بار اوردن، بدنیا آوردن، پرورش دادن، تربیت کردن، زاییدن، تولید کردن
