Transition metals

Question 1

Why isn’t zinc a transition metal?

Answer 1

Full d orbital

Question 2

What are the 4 physical properties?

Answer 2

Variable oxidation state, coloured ions, catalysts and precipitation reactions

Question 3

Precipitation reactions?

Answer 3

Co2+ +OH- => Co(OH)2 (pink to blue)
Fe2+ = pale green -> green
Fe3+ = pale yellow -> brown

Question 4

Coloured ions

Answer 4

energy is absorbed when elctron is promoted to a higher level and frequency of light proportional to energy difference
d0 and d10 are colourless

Question 5

Complex ion

Answer 5

Metal ion bonded to ions with lone pair of electrons

Question 6

Ligand

Answer 6

ion with a lone pair that’s donated to metal ion

Question 7

Co ordination number

Answer 7

number of co ordinate bonds

Question 8

Co ordinate bonds

Answer 8

bonds between metal and ions

Question 9

Co ordination number of shapes

Answer 9

Linear - 2
Tetra and sq planar - 4
octa - 6

Question 10

Optical isomerism

Answer 10

Stereoisomerism but mirror image - octahedral shapes

Question 11

Stereoisomerism

Answer 11

Cis and trans - 90 and 180 degrees

Question 12

Whats (en)

Answer 12

NH2 CH2 CH2 NH2

Question 13

What does cis platin do?

Answer 13

Bind to DNA in cancer cells, trans cause cancer

Question 14

Ligand sub for Co

Answer 14

OH - 2 needed
NH3 - 2 needed
excess NH3 - 6
Carbonate - 1 needed -- CoCO3
Chlorine - 4 needed

Question 15

Ligand sub for Cu

Answer 15

OH - 2 needed
NH3 - 2 needed
excess NH3 - 4 - royal blue
Cl- = yellow
CO3 = green

Question 16

Ligand sub for Cr(111)

Answer 16

all green but excess NH3 = violet
OH - 2 needed
small NH3 - 3 needed
excess NH3 - all
Carbonate - 3 needed

Question 17

Ligand sub for ion (11)

Answer 17

all green
OH - 2 needed
small NH3 -2 needed
excess NH3 - 1

Question 18

Ligand sub for iron (111)

Answer 18

all brown
Oh - 3
NH3 - 3
SCN - 1

Question 19

Definition of stability constant

Answer 19

equilibrium constant for formation of complex ion