Transition Metals Flashcards
Define Transition Metal
Metal atom with partially filled d subshell
What transition metals do we cover?
What is an exception that isn’t a transition metal?
Top row Sc-Zn
Zn exception 3d10 subshell for atoms & ions
How do transition metals form complexes?
Forms coordinate bond with ligand from e-s from ligand for dative bond
Define a Ligand
Particle with lone pair that forms a co-ordinate bond with metals
Define a Complex
Metal ion + ligand with a co-ordinate bond
Define co-ordination number
Number of co-ordinate bonds in a complex
Define a Lewis Base
Lone pair donor
Define a Lewis Acid
Lone pair acceptor
What shapes do 4 co-ordinate bonds make?
Tetrahedral mostly but sometimes square planar
What shape do 6 co-ordinate bonds make?
Octahedral
What shape do 2 co-ordinate bonds make
Linear
What type of ligand forms 2 co-ordinate bonds?
Bidentate ligands
How do transition metals form coloured ions?
They absorb different wavelengths of light
What does the colour of the transition metal ion depend on?
- The metal ion
- The Type of ligand attached
- The co-ordination number
- The oxidation state of the transition metal
What happens to transition metal d orbitals when ligands bond?
When ligands bond 5 d orbitals don’t have same energy
e- excited from lower d orbitals to higher d orbitals