Transition Metals Flashcards
What is a complex Ion?
central metal bound to one or more ligands
What is a ligand?
a lewis base (electron pair donor) that forms a bond with the central metal
What is a counterion?
ions of opposite charge that are NOT acting as ligands
What is a coordinate covalent bond?
bond between transition metal (lewis acid) and ligand (lewis base)
Why can a ligand form a bond with the central metal?
The ligand has at least one pair of electrons to donate to and bond with the central metal ion
What are the three types of ligands?
Monodentate
Bidentate
Polydentate
Monodentate
donate one electron pair
Bidentate
donate two electron pairs
Polydentate
donate more than two electron pairs
Bromide
Bromo
Chloride
Chloro
Hydroxide
Hydroxo
Cyanide
Cyano
Nitrite
Nitro
Oxalate
Oxalato
EDTA
ethylenediaminetetraacetato
Water
Aqua
Ammonia
Ammine
Carbon Monoxide
Carbonyl
en
ethylenediamine
Chromium
Chromate
Cobalt
Cuprate
Gold
Aurate
Lead
Plumbate
Manganese
Manganate
Molybdenum
Molybdate
Nickel
Nickelate
Platinum
Platinate
Silver
Argentate
Tin
Stannate
Zinc
Zincate
Structural Isomers
atoms with different connectivities
What are the two subcategories of structural isomers?
Coordination Isomers
Linkage Isomers
Coordination Isomers
ligand and counterion exchange places
Linkage Isomers
ligand coordinates to metal in different ways
Stereoisomers
atoms have the same connectivities but different spatial arrangments
What are the two subcategories of stereoisomers?
Geometric Isomers
Optical Isomers
Geometric Isomers
ligands have different spatial arrangments about metal ion
What are the two types of Geometric Isomers?
Cis-trans
Fac-mer
Cis
two identical ligands are adjacent to each other
trans
two identical ligands are opposite to each other
Fac
three identical ligands that can be adjacent to each other
mer
three identical ligands that form an arc
What do geometric isomers exist as?
Square Planar
