Transistion Elements

Question 1

Give the precipitation reaction of copper and colours

Answer 1

Pale blue solution becomes pale blue ppt

Cu2+ + 2OH- = Cu(OH)2(s)

Question 2

What is a complex ion?

Answer 2

A transition metal ion bonded to one or more Luganda by coordinate bonds

Question 3

What is a ligand?

Answer 3

A molecule or ion that can donate a pair of electrons with the transistor element ion to form a coordinate bond

Question 4

What is coordination number?

Answer 4

The total number of coordinate bonds formed between a central metal ion and its Ligands

Question 5

What is a stereoisomer?

Answer 5

A species with the same structural formula but with a different arrangement in space

Question 6

What is cis-platin used for and how does it work?

Answer 6

Effective drug against cancer. It alters the cell DNA which prevents the cell from reproducing.
It’s formula is [PtCl2(NH3)2]

Question 7

What is a bidentate ligand?

Answer 7

A ligand that can donate two pairs of electrons to the central metal ion to form two coordinate bonds

Question 8

What are the rules for transition metal complexes and their ability to form cis trains isomers?

Answer 8

Square planar complexes with 2 different monodentate ligands

Octahedral complexes with two monodentate and two bidentate ligands

Question 9

What are the rules for transition metals and their ability to form optical isomers!

Answer 9

Octahedral complexes with two monodentate and two bidentate ligands in the cis position.
Octahedral complexes with three bidentate ligands
Octahedral complexes with a multidentate ligand

Question 10

What is a ligand substitution reaction?

Answer 10

A reaction where one ligand is replaced by another ligand

Question 11

What is the definition for stab?

Answer 11

The stability constant for an equilibrium constant for an equilibrium existing between a transition metal ion surrounded by water ligands and the complex formed when the same ion has undergone a ligand substitution

Question 12

What are the colour changes and the equation for the ligand substitution reaction of an aqueous copper solution with ammonia?

Answer 12

[Cu(H2O)6]2+(aq) + 4NH3(aq) = [Cu(NH3)4(H2O)2]2+ (aq) + 4H2O (l)
Pale blue solution to deep blue solution

Question 13

What are the colour changes and what is the equation for the ligand substitution reaction of an aqueous copper solution with chloride ions?

Answer 13

[Cu(H2O)6]2+(aq) + 4Cl(aq) = [CuCl4]2- (aq) + 6H2O (l)

Pale blue solution to yellow solution

Question 14

What are the colour changes and the equation for the ligand substitution reaction of an aqueous cobalt solution with chloride ions?

Answer 14

[Co(H2O)6]2+(aq) + 4Cl(aq) = [CoCl4]2- (aq) + 6H2O (l)

Pink solution to blue solution

Question 15

Give the precipitation reaction of cobalt and the colour changes

Answer 15

Pink solution becomes blue ppt which turns beige in the presence of air
Co2+ + 2OH- = Co(OH)2(s)

Question 16

What is a transition element?

Answer 16

A d block element that forms an ion with an incomplete d subshell

Question 17

what shape and bond angle is cis-platin?

Answer 17

square planar 90o

Question 18

what shape and bond angle is a complex ion with 6 coordinate bonds?

Answer 18

octahedral 90o

Question 19

what shape is a complex ion with 4 coordinate bond with 4 of the same ligand?

Answer 19

tetrahedral 109.5o

Question 20

Give the precipitation reaction of iron (II) and the colour changes

Answer 20

pale green solution becomes dark green ppt which turns rusty brown in the presence of air
Fe2+ + 2OH- = Fe(OH)2(s)

Question 21

Give the precipitation reaction of iron (III) and the colour changes

Answer 21

pale yellow solution becomes rusty brown ppt

Fe3+ + 2OH- = Fe(OH)3(s)