Transfusion reaction tutorial

Question 1

Describe type I hypersensitivtiy reactions:

Symptoms

and what antibody causes it

Answer 1

Type I hypersensitivity reactions (IgE mediated) are a rapid allergic reaction to specific antigens found in, e.g. house dust, pollen and animal danders.

The symptoms and signs of the reaction are apparent within 30 min of the exposure. Atopic individuals are susceptible to type I hypersensitivity reactions.

Symptoms:

• SOB
• Urticarial rash
• Wheeze - caused by bronchoconstriction
• Palpitations
• Diarrhoea

Question 2

What is the pathway for treating a severe allergic reaction following tranfusion (anaphylaxis)

Answer 2

Lie patinet flat

1. Give adrenaline
2. Give chloramphenicol
3. Give salbuatmol
4. Give corticosteroids

Question 3

What type of hypersensitivity reaction is ABO incompatability ?

Answer 3

Type II

Regulated by IgM or IgG

Question 4

https://library.med.utah.edu/WebPath/TUTORIAL/BLDBANK/BBTXRXN.html