transcription vs DNA replication

Question 1

what are the 3 similarities between transcription & DNA replication?

Answer 1

1. both process involve complementary base-pairing
2. both processes involve the separation of DNA strands
3. for eukaryotes, both processes occur within the nucleus

Question 2

what are the 7 differences between transcription & DNA replication?

Answer 2

1. the enzymes involved
2. the raw materials required
3. the number of DNA strands used as a template
4. complementary base pairing involved
5. proofreading property of the main enzyme
6. products formed from each process
7. the destination of the products formed from each process

Question 3

what is the difference in the enzyme involved in transcription & DNA replication?

Answer 3

• in transcription, the enzyme involved in RNA polymerase,
• whereas in DNA replication, the enzyme involved is DNA polymerase

Question 4

what is the difference in the raw materials used for transcription & DNA replication?

Answer 4

• for transcription, the raw materials required are free ribonucleotides,
• whereas in DNA replication, the raw materials required are free deoxyribonucleotides

Question 5

what is the difference in the number of DNA strands used as a template between transcription & DNA replication?

Answer 5

• in transcription, only 1 DNA strand is used as a template,
• whereas in DNA replication, both DNA strands are used as templates

Question 6

what is the difference in the complementary base pairing involved for transcription & DNA replication?

Answer 6

• in transcription, adenine on DNA base pairs with uracil on RNA, thymine on DNA base pairs with adenine on RNA, and cytosine on DNA base pairs with guanine on RNA, and vice versa,
• while in DNA replication, adenine base pairs with thymine & vice versa, and cytosine base pairs with guanine & vice versa

Question 7

what is the difference in the proofreading property of the main enzyme between transcription & DNA replication?

Answer 7

• in transcription, RNA polymerase does not carry out 3’ to 5’ exonuclease proofreading on the RNA transcript,
• while in DNA replication, DNA polymerase carries out 3’ to 5’ exonuclease proofreading on daughter strands to ensure precise complementary base pairing

Question 8

what is the difference between the products formed from transcription & DNA replication?

Answer 8

• transcription can result in the formation of mRNA, TRNA or rRNA,
• while DNA replication results in the formation of DNA molecules

Question 9

what is the difference between the product destination of transcription & DNA replication?

Answer 9

• in transcription, all products leave the nucleus via the nuclear pores,
• while in DNA replication, the products remain in the nucleus