Transcription and Translation Flashcards
What is transcription?
-Enzyme acts on a specific region of the DNA causing the two strands to separate and be exposed
-Template strand formation due to free-floating complementary base pairs
-RNA polymerase adds the nucleotides one at a time to build a strand of pre-mRNA
-RNA polymerase reaches the stop triplet code and the process is complete (Detaches)
What is translation?
-Ribosomes becomes attached to the starting codon
-The tRNA molecule (with complementary anticodon sequence) moves to the ribosome and pairs up with the codon on the mRNA
-This happens again to the next codon
-The ribosome moves along the mRNA bringing together two tRNA molecules at any one time
-The two amino acids are joined by a peptide bond using an enzyme and ATP is hydrolysed (for energy)
-This continues until a stop codon is reached
-Up to 50 ribosomes can pass immediately behind the first (Meaning that many polypeptides can be assembled simultaneously)
