Transcription

Question 1

What happens during transcription?

Answer 1

An mRNA copy of a gene is made from DNA

Question 2

Where does transcription happen in eukaryotic cells?

Answer 2

Nucleus

Question 3

Where does transcription happen in prokaryotic cells?

Answer 3

Cytoplasm

Question 4

When does transcription start?

Answer 4

When RNA polymerase attaches to DNA double-helix at beginning of a gene

Question 5

What is the 1st stage of transcription?

Answer 5

Enzyme help case breaks bonds between bases in a specific region of double-stranded nucleus

This causes the 2 strands to separate

Question 6

What is the 2nd stage of transcription?

Answer 6

RNA polymerase binds to a base sequence called promoter region

This determines which way the RNA polymerase faces and hence which region is used as the template

Question 7

What is the 5th stage of transcription?

Answer 7

As RNA polymerase passes over the DNA bases it forms a complementary mRNA strand from free RNA nucleotides in the nucleus

Question 8

What happens during stage 4 of transcription?

Answer 8

As the mRNA strand is produced, the 2 strands of DNA start to recoil behind it

Question 9

What happens during stage 5 of transcription?

Answer 9

When a terminator region is reached, the DNA is no longer copied

The mRNA is now ready for translation

Question 10

What is the role of the helical enzyme?

Answer 10

To break the hydrogen bonds between bases in DNA to form 2 separate strands

Question 11

What is the role of RNA polymerase?

Answer 11

Joins RNA nucleotides together via a condensation reaction to form a strand of mRNA