Transcription Flashcards
1
Q
During transcription an mRNA copy of a gene is made in the nucleus. What is the FIRST stage of transcription?
A
- Transcription starts when RNA polymerase attaches to the DNA double helix at the beginning of the gene.
2
Q
What is the SECOND stage of transcription?
A
- The hydrogen bonds between the two DNA strands in the gene break, separating the strands, and the DNA molecule uncoils at that point.
3
Q
What is the THIRD stage of transcription?
A
- One of the strands is then used as a template to make an mRNA copy.
4
Q
What is the FOURTH stage transcription?
A
- The RNA polymerase lines up free RNA nucleotides alongside the template strand. Complementary base pairing means that the mRNA strand ends up being a complementary copy of the DNA template strand (except the base T is replaced by U in RNA).
5
Q
What is the FIFTH stage of transcription?
A
- Once the RNA nucleotides have paired up with their specific bases on the DNA strand they’re joined together, forming an mRNA molecule.
6
Q
What is the SIXTH stage of transcription?
A
- The RNA polymerase moves along the DNA, separating the strands and assembling the mRNA strand.
7
Q
What is the SEVENTH stage of transcription?
A
- The hydrogen bonds between the uncoiled strands of DNA re-form once the RNA polymerase has passed by and the strands coil back into a double helix.
8
Q
What is the EIGHTH stage of transcription?
A
- When RNA polymerase reaches a stop codon it stops making mRNA and detaches from the DNA.
9
Q
What is the NINTH stage of transcription?
A
- The mRNA moves out of the nucleus through a nuclear pore and attaches to a ribosome in the cytoplasm, where the next stage of protein synthesis takes place.
