Transcription

Question 1

Neumes

Answer 1

when transcribing neumes that not all signs within a neume are bound together signs that belong together in a neume are copied in close proximity
when the number of pitches between neumes in each
voice on a given syllable is uneven, decisions need to be taken about how to align notes
neumes will normally begin together, with subsequent alignment determined by
consonances

Question 2

pitch adjustment

Answer 2

transcription will sometimes result in unlikely solutions, e.g. in phrases that make prominent
use of dissonant intervals such as the 2nds or 7ths
you will have to consider if adjustment is
needed
criteria will include parallel passages with more plausible readings, continuation of
established patterns and accordance with the
teaching of the Ad organum faciendum
you may
add an editorial flat above the stave in cases where an F-b natural is sounded between the two
voices, although passing b naturals (e.g. for notes within neumes) might be left unmarked

Question 3

Arlt transcription principles

Answer 3

modern tenor clefs
initial bracket
stemless note heads
slur indicating neume
liquescence by vertical line either side of note or white notehead
end of poetic line with bar line
number stave of poetic line

Question 4

1. manuscript description

Answer 4

identify manuscript
date and place manuscript
identify section (9 of Aquitanian)
date of section

Question 5

2.notation

Answer 5

type of neume e.g diastemic
type of layout e.g successive or score
features of layout e.g clef, point line, dividing line, custos, alignment of voices
grade of notation
special signs e.g oriscus, liquescence

Question 6

3 transcription

Answer 6

principles of trasncription in order and layout, noteheads, ligatures, numbering of syllables and lines, octave
commentary on points of interest (strophe.line.note)

Question 7

Guidonian system for pitches

Answer 7

G below middle c to G above is capital letters then lower case then towered

Question 8

4 song commentary

Answer 8

text - poetic form, syllables, accent, rhyme, refrain benedicamus, irregularities
poetic content - season, striking images

Question 9

5 musical features

Answer 9

mode based on final
range
texture
articulation of text
specific features e.g caudae, relation of voices, unusual features

Question 10

B - folios, period, date

Answer 10

149-167
MIDDLE
c.1150

Question 11

C-II folios, period, date

Answer 11

23-32
EARLY
c.1100

Question 12

C-III folios, period, date

Answer 12

33-44
MIDDLE
c.1150

Question 13

C-IV folios, period, date

Answer 13

45-92
MIDDLE
c.1150

Question 14

D-I folios, period, date

Answer 14

1-16
LATE
c.1200

Question 15

D-II folios, period, date

Answer 15

17-24
LATE
c.1200

Question 16

identifying D

Answer 16

Oblong puncta
Red ink page numbers
Pencil foliation for opening section
Diagonally bound pes and clivis
No custos
Straight line drawing together puncta.

Question 17

identifying codex

Answer 17

Central French notation
Use of virga – indicating a single note that is relatively high: a dot on end of diagonal upward stroke
Upright and bound pes (2 notes rising) nd clivis (2 notes descending)
Staves of 4 inked lines
Use of green
Rounded up-tick for a custos.

Question 18

identifying B

Answer 18

Clean parchment
Neat and upright
Square-ish puncta
5 pairs of staves per folio
4 dry-point lines each
( custos

Question 19

identifying C

Answer 19

Rough appearance with tendency to inexact height
Pulls to the right or diagonal
Cursive appraoch
Darker parchment
Range of puncta with varied appearance - single note signs that either pull down when descending within a neume, are diagonal when single neumes in a descending melodic line, or curve upwards
6-8 staves per folio