Transcription

Question 1

What is the central dogma of eukaryotic transcription?

Answer 1

Nuclic acids or the reservoir for info used to synthesize RNA and ultimately proteins

Question 2

DNA to RNA is

Answer 2

Transcription

Question 3

RNA to protein

Answer 3

Translation

Question 4

List the three (3) typesof RNA polymerase in eukaryotes and their products

Answer 4

1. RNA polymerase l transcribes rRNA precursors
2. RNA polymerase ll transcribes mRNA precursors
3. RNA polymerase lll transcribes 5S rRNA, tRNA, and other small RNA precursors.

Question 5

Transcribes rRNA precursors

Answer 5

RNA polymerase I

Question 6

Transcribes mRNA precursors.

Answer 6

RNA polymerase ll

Question 7

Transcribes 5s rRNA, tRNA I, and other small RNA precursors

Answer 7

RNA polymerase lll

Question 8

What are promoters?

Answer 8

a region of DNA upstream of a gene where relevant proteins (such as RNA polymerase and transcription factors) bind to initiate transcription of that gene

Question 9

Describe the common features of promoters recognized by eukaryotic RNA polymerase II

Answer 9

TFIIB recognition element (BRE)
TFIID - TATA binding protein
MTE/DPE elements

Question 10

State the role of transcription factors in the function of eukaryotic RNA polymerase II.

Answer 10

They are required to initiate transcription

Question 11

Name the 6 general transcription factors

Answer 11

1. TFIIA - stabilizes TBP (TATA Binding Protein) and TAF binding
2. TFIIB - binds TBP and recruits polymerase 2
3. TFIID - recognizes TATA box & recruits TFIIA/TFIIB
4. TFIIE - recruits helicase and stimulates activity
5. TFIIF - stimulates elongation and recruits RNAP
6. TFIIH (helicase) - phosphorylates ctd of RPB1 on Pol2 and unwinds DNA

Question 12

Why does the promoter region remain bound?

Answer 12

To increase processivity. When one RNAP completes transcription and exits another can bind at the site (TFIIA/B/TBP complex)

Question 13

Four phases of transcription at RNA pol II promoters (in order)

Answer 13

1. Assembly
2. Initiation
3. Elongation
4. Termination

Question 14

Outline the major events that occur during assembly and initiation at RNA Pol II promoters.

Answer 14

1. TFIID/TBP binds TATA box
2. TFIIA and TFIIB bind TFIID/TBP
3. TFIIF binds to RNAPII and brings it to the complex
4. TFIIE and Helicase are recruited to complete the pre-initiation complex (PIC)

Question 15

Identify the two catalytic activities of TFIIH and state their functions.

Answer 15

RNAPII phosphorylation within the CTD (C-terminal domain)
Helicase activity - unwinds dsDNA to expose stands for transcription

Question 16

State the role of phosphorylation in the function of eukaryotic RNA polymerase II.

Answer 16

When helicase phosphorylates the carboxy-terminal domain (ctd) of Rpb 1, elongation and initiation is triggered

Question 17

Which subunit is identical in all three (3) RNAPs?

Answer 17

Omega (w) sub-unit

Note: alpha (a) subunit is identical in RNA polymerase l and lll

Question 18

Where is the BRE located in the promoter region?

Answer 18

-38 to -32 ntds upstream

Question 19

Where is the TATA box located in the promoter region?

Answer 19

-31 to -25 ntds upstream

Question 20

Where is the MTE located in the promoter region?

Answer 20

+15 to +26 ntds downstream

Question 21

Where is the DPE located in the promoter region?

Answer 21

+28 to +33 ntds downstream