Transactional Analysis Flashcards
(Power Outage) -Youtube videos Shaura & Mary
Quick History
Eric Berne - “Three Egos”
Child Ego: correlated to the childhood experiences of his patients
Parent Ego: copy of the person’s parents
Adult Ego: Rational Part of the person
Redecision therapy: Help people challenge themselves to discover ways in which they perceive themselves in victimlike roles and to take charge of their lives by deciding for themselves how they will change.
Brief Overview
Rethinking early decisions in light of present circumstances.
Primary goal is to create and develop a meaningful relationship within which transformation can occur.
Autonomy = awareness, spontaneity, and the capacity for intimacy, empowering themselves and altering the course of their lives
Members learn how their current behavior is being affected by the rules and regulations they received and incorporated as children, which is determining their current actions.
Ego States
A set of related thoughts, feelings, and behaviors in which part of an individuals personality is manifested at a given time
Each person has a basic trio of Parent, Adult, and Child (P-A-C).
People are constantly shifting from one of these states to another
Parent Ego State
Contains values, morals, core beliefs, and behaviors incorporated from significant authority figures, primarily one’s parents.
Outwardly expressed towards others in critical or nurturing behavior.
Nurturing Parent (NP):
Positive aspect: affirm individuals
Negative aspect: Marshmellow Parent
Controlling Parent (CP):
Positive aspect: provide structure intended for the benefit or success of individual
Negative aspect: critical and often discounts the child state
Child Ego State
Original part of us and is most naturally who we are.
Part of us that forms long-lasting relationships
Includes “recordings” of early experiences
Natural Child (NC):
Positive aspect: spontaneous, endearing, loving
Negative aspect: impulsive to the degree that our safety is compromised
Adapted Child (AC):
Positive aspect: we respond appropriately to social situations
Negative aspect: over adapting and giving up our power and discounting our value, worth, and dignity
Rebellious Child: tries to solve problems by rebelling; is over adapting
Need for Strokes
Strokes = any act of recognition or source of stimulation
Psychological strokes: verbal and nonverbal signs of acceptance and recognition (necessary to people as confirmations of their worth).
Strokes can be classified as verbal or non-verbal, unconditional (being) or conditional (doing), and positive or negative
Injunctions & Counter Injunctions
Injunctions: messages expressed when a parent is threatened by a child’s behavior.
Counter injunctions: parents attempt to counter the effect of the earlier messages at social level
Decisions & Redecisions
Anything that has been learned can be relearned.
Games
A Game is a transaction, which is considered the basic unit of communication, consisting of an exchange of strokes between two or more people.
It is an ongoing series of transactions that ends with a negative payoff
Designed to prevent intimacy
Rackets
Unpleasant feelings that people experience after a game
A familiar emotion that was learned and encouraged in childhood and experienced in many different stress situations, but is maladaptive as an adult means of problem solving
People choose the games they will play in order to maintain their rackets
Games and rackets can be thought of as the emotional and relational pattern that people create to foster their life script decisions
Basic Psychological Life Positions & Life Scripts
Decisions about oneself, one’s world, and one’s relationships to others are crystallized during the first five years of life.
Such decisions are basic for the formulation of a life position, which develops into the roles of the life script.
Games are often used to support and maintain life positions and to play out life scripts.
Life Script, or plan for life: unconscious life plan made in childhood, reinforced by the parents, & “justified” by subsequent events, and culminating in a chosen alternative.
Role & Functions of a Group Leader
Function as a consultant
Create a climate where people can discover for themselves how the games they play are supporting chronic bad feelings and how they hold on to these feelings to support their life script and early decisions
Leaders key role is to observe!
Leaders tend to promote individual work within a group setting
Assume an active role and occupy a central position in the group
Adult Ego State
Negotiates between the Child’s wants and the Parent’s should’s.
The objective and computer-like part of our personality that functions as a data processor; it computes possibilities, makes decisions, and represents what we have learned and thought out for ourselves.
Objective is to gather information non-emotionally,working with the facts of the external reality as perceived by the individual.
Stages of a TA Group
Core of the work in this approach consists of helping clients make redecisions while they are in their child ego state
This is done by having members reexperience an early scene as if the situation were occurring in the present
Initial Stage
Consists of establishing good contact
Group participants sometimes avoid addressing their most pertinent problems, therefore the leader attempts to get at the chief complaint of the member
Inquire about the members actual contract for change
“What are you going to change about yourself today?”
Emphasis is on members taking action in the here-and-now to bring about change
