Traits/ biological Flashcards
Tri-dimensional PEN theory
extroversion, neuroticism, psychoticism
extraversion
based on cortical arousal. that arosual was related to Reticular activation system (RAS). results when RAS is not active, leading a person to seek additional external stimulation to raise cortical arousal closer to its optimum
introversion
cortical arousal is higher than optimal since the RAS is more active that it should be in arousing the cortex. tries to reduce cortical arousal by reducing the number or intensity of external stimuli in the immediate environment
neuroticism
person high in this have an automatic nervous system with a low threshold. the ANS is easily activated by external events so that they experience emotions more strongly and more often
stability
ANS with a high threshold takes a very intense experience to generate the physiological correlates of emotions
Eysencks’ theory and genetics
believed the arousal patterns that underlie E and N have genetic bases.
twins study and eysenck
identical twins are much more alike on N and E that fraternals
what percentage of these traits can be attributed to genetic factors
30 - 40%
Behavioural Approach System (BAS)
brain structures that lead organisms to approach rewards - linked to extraversion
Behavioural Inhibition System (BIS)
brain structures that make the organisms sensitive to punishment - linked to neuroticism
what are the big 5
neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, conscientiousness
how inheritable are the big 5
30% to 50% across the different dimensions
