Traits and Reproduction Ch. 2

Question 1

________ are instructions for proteins.

Answer 1

genes

Question 2

Each _____________ provides a unique instruction to make a specific protein molecule in an organism’s cells.

Answer 2

gene version

Question 3

An organism has ______ copies of a gene for each feature.

Answer 3

two

Question 4

The two copies of a gene for each feature can be the same (______________) and provide instructions for only one type of protein.

Answer 4

homozygous

Question 5

The two copies of a gene for each feature can be different versions (______________) and provide instructions for two types of proteins.

Answer 5

heterozygous

Question 6

any DIFFERENCE in traits between individual organisms

Answer 6

variation

Question 7

a specific characteristic of an individual organism

Answer 7

trait

Question 8

the way something is shaped or constructed

Answer 8

structure

Question 9

a type of large molecule that performs important functions inside organisms

Answer 9

protein molecule

Question 10

a random change to a gene that sometimes results in a new trait

Answer 10

mutation

Question 11

a characteristic that all members of a species have

Answer 11

feature

Question 12

how something works

Answer 12

function

Question 13

an instruction for making a particular protein

Answer 13

gene

Question 14

having gene versions that are different

Answer 14

heterozygous

Question 15

having gene versions that are the same

Answer 15

homozygous

Question 16

a specific form of a gene that provides instructions for making a particular protein

Answer 16

gene version