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Religion > Traditional Hawaiian Religion > Flashcards

Traditional Hawaiian Religion Flashcards

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1
Q

1819
1778
1820

A

1819: institutional Hawaiian disbanded; overthrow of kapu sytem when liholiho did not put aikapu back on
1778: Captain Cook arrives
1820: Christian missionaries

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2
Q

‘Ai Kapu

A

Hawaiian Religion

  • laws that regulate food distribution, preparation, and consumption
  • forbidden foods, sacred eating
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3
Q

300 AD

A

first Polynesians arrive from the Marquesas islands by accident; only ate ti plant roots not stereotypical Hawaiian foods like taro

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4
Q

1100 AD

A

new wave of Polynesians arrive from Tahiti; arrived on purpose; increase in population and food production; brought along sweet potatoes, taros, chicken

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5
Q

1778

A

Captain cook arrives; was a mapmaker

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6
Q

Mana

A

supernatural power

*can be physical, political or mental power

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7
Q

Kapu

A

forbidden, sacred

-has purity; must stay away to avoid polluting

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8
Q

Kapu vs Taboo

A

Kapu—-> pure; stay away

Taboo–> thing that is taboo is dirty

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9
Q

Kapu System

A

regulates the flow of mana; every aspect of Hawaiian lifestyle is controlled; punishment is death

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10
Q

Kinolau

A

physical manifestations of a god; multiple bodies

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11
Q

Examples of ‘Ai Kapu

A

men and women could not eat together; men would prepare food not women; separate kitchens for men and women food

off limits to women: bananas, fish with red skin, coconuts, pigs
Reason: sexual symbolism; sexual contact between god and women; mana can be sexual; wanted to avoid pregnancy

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12
Q

Kinolau of Kanaloa

A

God of deep ocean

-bananas, octopus

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13
Q

Kinolau of Ku

A

God of warfare; state

coconuts, fish with red skin, bird

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14
Q

Kinolau of Lono

A

God of peace

pigs

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15
Q

Caste System

A

social hierarchy based on spiritual purity or pollution
*genealogy determines caste; you are born into it and die within same caste; nothing you can do to change rank
INCLUDES ALI’I and MAKA’AINANA

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16
Q

Ali’i

A

part of caste system

e. g. prince, queen, kings, chiefs
- born with the most amount of mana
- all ali’i claim to be associated with papa and wakea
- there are 8 subranks of ali’i; all ali’i not equal
* ALL WERE TAHITIAN ROOTED

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17
Q

Papa(Haumea)

A

Earth Mother

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18
Q

Wakea

A

Sky Father

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19
Q

Kahuna

A

not a part of caste
*knowledge is power; gain mana
e.g highly educated experts; navigators
alii and makaainana can be kahunas

20
Q

Kaua

A

not a part of caste

-alii can order to do hard labor; mana polluters; low mana; physically avoid

21
Q

kahuna pule

A

priests; only alii can be kahuna pule

22
Q

Keopuolani

A

kamehameha married her (higher rank than him); offspring is higher rank than kamehameha; political marriage

23
Q

Akua

A

distant gods; live in the heavens

gods and goddesses

24
Q

Kupua

A 
demi gods 
(half-god; half human)
are humans e/supernatural powers
e.g. maui
*unusual landscapes are explained by kupua
25
Q

‘Amuakua

A

family gods; we are near these gods

  • deified ancestors; transformed to gods
  • wont go to land of dead; will go to heaven (usually kahunas)
26
Q

Kinolau of Pele

A

Lava

27
Q

Ki’i

A

handmade images; portal of mana of food offering to god and back as well
wood used depends on Kinolau

28
Q

Ku

A

God of war
*complementary opposite is Lono
2/3 of year; strong work ethnic; very energetic; warfare was a possibility during this time
-had ku priests; only does ritual when the king asks
only ku priests can talk to ku

29
Q

Lono

A 
God of peace and agriculture 
1/3 of year
"Makahiki season"
winter months
heavy work was prohibited
"vacation"
warfare was prohibited
ai' kapu was lifted; sexual relations lifted
had Lono priests; set specific rituals; no one were requesting rituals
ONLY LONO PRIESTS CAN TALK TO LONO
30
Q

Kane

A

God of Freshwater and sunlight; complementary opposite of Kanaloa
anyone can pray directly to god by proper rituals only

31
Q

Kanaloa

A

God of DEEP ocean (salt water)
anyone can pray directly to god by proper rituals only
Kanaloa shrines are near canoe launching

32
Q

Kinolau of Kane

A

taro, bamboo

33
Q

Pele

A

Demi goddess of fire and volcanoes

  • no such thing as a canonized (official story) Hawaiian myth
  • pele is a akua, kupua, ‘amukua depending what island you are on
34
Q

Laka (Kapo)

A

daughter of Papa and Wakea
-Lono’s love interest
Makahiki has hula dancing as a offer to Lono

35
Q

Wahi Pana

A

Sacred Sites
-Mythological sites (eg Ka’ena Point)
-ritual sites (e.g. temples, shrines)
Today, often desecrated sites

36
Q

Heiau

A

temples; places of worship

37
Q

Sacrifice

A

the transfer of mana both ways

38
Q

Luakini

A

Ku temple
offerings *kinolaus
ku wanted human (adult males) sacrifices
human had more mana than food
kapubreakers can be killed or sacrificed
can sacrifice from war (enemies) and Kaua
*adult male alii required at sacrifices to observe

39
Q

Hale o Papa

A

Only women allowed; Kupuna pele priests were women as well

40
Q

Mapele

A

Lono temples; men and women both welcome

41
Q

Pa’ao

A

Tahitian kahuna

  • Kuhuna pule priest
    1) caste system
    2) rigid kapu system
    3) death penalty
    4) ai kapu
    5) ku and lono priesthoods
    6) humansacrifice

family has a lot of political power

42
Q

Ku priests

A

all descendants of Pa’ao

ppl had to get permission of a ku priest before going to war

43
Q

Kamehameha (1758-1819)

A

1810 Kingdom of hawaii was established

44
Q

Ka’ahumanu

A

favorite wife; prime minister

45
Q

Kekuaokalani

A

nephew of kamehameha; young isalnd cheif; late king assigned custody of the powerful spirt kukailimoku to his nephew instead of his son liholiho

46
Q

Ahupua’a

A

land divisions

Religion (3 decks)

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