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Therapeutic Modalities > Traction > Flashcards

Traction Flashcards

1
Q

What is therapeutic traction?

A

Applies longitudinal force to the spine

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2
Q

What is therapeutic traction intended to do?

A
  • Mobilize spinal articulations (zygoapophyseal joints)
  • Lengthen supportive ligaments
  • Decrease muscle spasm
  • Decompress vertebral discs
  • Decompress compromised nerves (intervertebral foramen)
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3
Q

What are the types of traction?

A
  • Continuous: sustained traction using small forces

- Intermittent: alternate traction with relaxation

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4
Q

Why would you use a continuous traction?

A

Allows the supporting structures to ‘rest’

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5
Q

What are the different methods of application?

A
  • Postural
  • Manual
  • Automated
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6
Q

In what positions can the postural method be applied?

A
  • Hook lying position
  • Knees to chest stretch
  • Side lying
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7
Q

What is the function for the postural application method?

A
  • Widens the posterior elements and the intervertebral foramen
  • Allows the patient to find a pain free posture
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8
Q

How do you determine which side to lye on for side lying postural traction?

A
  • If the patient leans away from the painful side, that side should be up
  • If the patient leans towards the painful side, that side should be down
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9
Q

What is inverse traction?

A
  • Requires voluntary muscle relaxation

- Traction for about 70 seconds to promote complete relaxation

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10
Q

Blood pressure should not increase more then what?

A

20 mmHg

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11
Q

What are some contraindications to not perform traction on an individual?

A
  • Hypertension (140/90)
  • Heart disease
  • Glaucoma
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12
Q

With what conditions should a medical consult be recommended?

A
  • Diabetes
  • Thyroid conditions
  • Asthma
  • Migraine headaches
  • Detached retina
  • Hiatal hernias
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13
Q

What is manual traction?

A

Therapist applied traction force

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14
Q

What position is most effective for lumbar traction?

A

Spine in neutral

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15
Q

What are the parameters for motorized traction?

A
  • Requires 27-90 Kg of traction
  • One half the patients weight is a good estimate for the required traction force
  • Treatment time is 8-10 minutes
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16
Q

What is sustained traction effective in treating?

A

Lumbar disc problems

17
Q

How long should a hold be held in intermittent traction of articular joints?

A

10-20 seconds

18
Q

What does a neutral lumbar spine position allow for traction?

A

The largest intervertebral foramen opening

19
Q

What happens to the intervertebral foramen during flexion?

A

Puts pressure on the disc nucleus forcing it to move posterior

20
Q

What happens to the intervertebral foramen during extension?

A

Closes the foramen down as bony arches come closer together

21
Q

What is the best mechanical body position for disc protrusions?

A

Prone position with normal to slightly flattened lumbar lordosis

22
Q

What is the best mechanical body position for lordosis?

A

Controlled by using pillows under abdomen

23
Q

What is the best mechanical body position to produce posterior intervertebral space separation?

A

Supine position with knees and hips at 90 degrees and supported

24
Q

How much traction force is necessary to cause effective vertebral separation?

A

Range between 65 and 20 pounds

25
Q

What are the treatment parameters for cervical traction?

A
  • Utilize forces of about 20% of body weight
  • Intervertebral separation: 20-30 degrees flexion
  • Facet joint separation: 15 degrees extension
  • Treatment time: 7 second hold X 10-20 minutes
26
Q

Where does the traction harness for the cervical spine pull?

A

Mainly on the occiput

27
Q

What is sustained traction recommended for?

A

Disc protrusion and rupture

28
Q

What is intermittent traction recommended for?

A

Posterior intervertebral separation

29
Q

What is the total treatment time for suspected disc protrusions?

A

Relatively short, 10 minutes or less.

30
Q

When should a treatment time for a suspected disc protrusions be increased or decreased?

A

Increased: if first treatment was partially successful or unsuccessful (up to 30 minutes)
Decreased: if first treatment was successful

31
Q

What are some traction indications?

A
  • Nerve root impingement
  • Disc herniation
  • Spondylolisthesis
  • Narrowing within intervertebral foramen
  • Osteophyte formation
  • Degenerative joint diseases
  • Subactue pain
  • Joint hypomobility
  • Discogenic pain
  • Muscle spasm or guarding
  • Muscle strain
  • Spinal ligament contractures
  • Improvement in arterial, venous and lymphatic flow
32
Q

What are some traction contraindications?

A
  • Acute sprains or strains
  • Acute inflammation
  • Fractures
  • Vertebral joint instability
  • Any condition in which movement exacerbates existing problem
  • bone diseases
  • Osteoporosis
  • Infections in bones or joints
  • Vascular conditions
  • Pregnant females
  • Cardiac or pulmonary problems

Therapeutic Modalities (5 decks)

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