Toxicology POPCORN Flashcards
Which med toxicity?
- Seizures
- Prolonged PR
- Tx= Glucagon, Insulin-Glucose, Epi
Beta-Blockers
Which med toxicity?
- Seizures
- Ileus
- AV dissociation
- Prolonged PR
Calcium channel blockers
How do you tx calcium channel blocker toxicity?
CaCl, Glucagon, Insulin-Glucose, Lipid emulsion
Which toxicity?
- Seizure
- Pinpoint pupils
- Sweating
Organophosphates (=pesticides)
What does arsenic and organophosphates smell like?
GArlic=
Arsenic and Organophosphates
What does sulfide smell like?
Rotton eggs
What does Isopropyl alcohol smell like?
Acetone
What does Chloral hydrate smell like?
Pears
Activated charcoal should only be used within how many hours?
Within the 1st hour
What is the most common EKG abnormality found in OD pt ?
Sinus Tachycardia
Which toxidrome and what is the antidote?
- Hot
- Blind
- Dry
- Red (flushed)
- Mad agitated
- Fixed dilated pupils
- hyperthermic
- DRY ARMPITS
Anticholinergics (ex: Antihistamines, TCAs)
Antidote= Physostigmine (ACHase inhibitor)
What syndrome?
- Myoclonus
- Agitation
- Diarrhea
Serotonin syndrome (combo of 2 SSRIs, Demerol, Lithium)
The following is caused by which group of meds? What is the antidote?
- Pinpoint pupils
- Resp. Depression
- Hypotension
- Bradycardia
Opiates (Fentanyl, Heroin, Morphine, Codeine)
Antidote= Naloxone
(Hint: oPIates= PIn point pupils)
What is the MC drug OD?
Acetaminophen
Which med OD? What is the antidote?
- Liver necorsis
- Vomiting MCly seen in kids
- Toxic dose= 140mg/kg
Acetaminophen
Antidote= N-acetylcysteine
Which group of meds can cause the following toxicities? What is the antidote?
- Respiratory Alkalosis
- Metabolic acidosis
- Hypokalemia
Salicylates (ASA, methylsalycylate/oil of wintergreen)
Antidote= Urine alkalization
What is the antidote for a salicylate overdose? (ex: aspirin, methysalicylate/oil of wintergree)
Urine alkalization
What causes the following toxicities?
- Metabolic acidosis
- Hypoglycemia
- Elevated anion gap
- Normal osmolarity gap
- Normal lactate
- VERY elevated ketosis
Ethanol
How do you treat an ethanol toxicity
Fluids- Banana bag w/ MVI, thiamine, folate
What do you see in the urine of someone who has consumed ethylene glycol (antifreeze). What is the tx?
Oxalate Crystalluria (If you use a woods lamp it will fluress purple)
Tx: IVF, Fomepizole (antidote)
Which toxic alcohol has an anion gap metabolic acidosis with visual changes?
Methanol
(antidote=Fomepizole)
Which med causes the following toxicities and what is the antidote?
- Yellow halos in vision
- Hyperkalemia
- Arrhythmia
Digitalis
Tx= Digibind
What is the MCC of unintentional poisoning death and has the following sxs:
- Red skin
- Apnea
CO
How do you tx CO poisoning?
100% O2
What is the MCC of peds mortality from poisoning?
Iron
Which med causes the following toxicities and is MC in kids? What is the antidote?
- Metabolic acidosis
- Vomiting
- Organ failure
Iron
Antidote= Deferoxamine (DFO)
The following is the toxidrome for which group of meds?
- ↑BP and HR
- Delusions
- Hyperthermia
- Seizure
- _*Diaphoresis*_
- Piloerection
- Mydriasis
- Hyperreflexia
Sympathomimetics (Amphetamines, cocaine, pseudophedrine, caffeine, PCP)
(note- This is the same as the anticholinergics but sympathomimetics have DIAPHORESIS)
