Toxicology & Poisoning Flashcards
1
Q
Top drugs of abuse?
A
- Analgesics
- GHB
- Lithium
- Antidepressants/Antipsychotics
- Alcohol
- Chemicals
- Pesticides
2
Q
Approach to managing poisoning?
A
- History & examination
- ABG - Anion gap + Osmolar gap
- ECG
- Immunoassay (poorly specific)
- Chromatography (very specific)
3
Q
Treatment TCA?
A
- ABCD
- Sodium bicarbonate (if QRS > 100 ms)
- Benzodiazepines (agitation or seizure)
- Activated charcoal
4
Q
Drugs to avoid with TCA poisoning?
A
- Physiostigmine
- Flumazenil
- Class 1A (e.g - Procainamide)
- Class 1C (e.g - Flecainide)
5
Q
Symptoms of antocholinergic poisoning?
A
- Dry mouth and skin
- Mydriasis
- Tachycardia
- Psychosis
- No bowel sounds
- Urinary retention
6
Q
Symptoms of cholinergic toxidrome?
A
- Salivation
- Lacrimation
- Diarrhoea
- Emesis
- Sweating,
- Miosis
- Bradycardia
7
Q
Drugs with anticholinergic effects?
A
- Antihistamines
- Atropine
- TCA
8
Q
Drugs with cholinergic effects?
A
- Organophosphate
- Carbamate
9
Q
Sedatives, hypnotics and opiates causes the follwoing toxidromes?
A
- Confusion
- Depressed mental status
- Slurred speech
- Respiratory depression
- Bradycardia
- Miosis
10
Q
Beta or alpha adrenergic toxidromes?
A
- Tachycardia
- Hypertension
- Sweating
- Agitation
- Mydriasis
11
Q
Drugs causing beta & alpha adrenergic toxidromes?
A
- Amphetamines
- Cocaine
- Phencyclidine
12
Q
Beta-blocker toxidromes?
A
- Metoprolol
- Bisoprolol
13
Q
Typical toxidromes?
A
- Organophosphate - Fasciculation
- Chloralhydrate - Myoclonus
- TCA, CO, ethanol, phenothiazines, amphetamines, cocaine & withdrawal - Epileptic seizures
14
Q
Antidote anticholinergic poisoning?
A
Physiostigmine - Not with TCA
15
Q
HDRM?
A
Hot as a hare, dry as a bone, red as a beet and mad as a hatter
