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Clinical Sciences > Toxicology and Psychology > Flashcards

Toxicology and Psychology Flashcards

1
Q

Acetaminophen

A

Pain and fever
Non-narcotic analgesic, not anti-inflammatory
Toxic to liver - antidote is activated charcoal and n-acetylcysteine

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2
Q

Acyclovir

A

Herpes infections

Antiviral

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3
Q

Aspirin

A

Pain and fever
NSAID antidote is IV fluids and sodium bicarb
Overdose - Tinnitus and respiratory acidosis

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4
Q

Benadryl

A

Allergic reaction

Antihistamine - anticholinergic

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5
Q

Cocaine

A

Pain and recreation

Non-opioid narcotic - local anesthetic effect, dilated pupils

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6
Q

Codeine

A

Pain and recreation

Narcotic

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7
Q

Chlorpromazine

A

Schizophrenia

Anti-psychotic

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8
Q

Colchicine

A

Gout

Anti-inflammatory

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9
Q

Heroin

A 
Pain and recreation
Opioid narcotic (poisoning looks like pinpoint pupils, coma and respiratory depression)
Antidote nalaxone
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10
Q

Ibuprofen

A

Pain and fever

NSAID

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11
Q

Iron sulfate

A

Anemia
Mineral supplement - OD vomiting, diarrhea, ab pain, liver failure
Antidote desferoxamine

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12
Q

Imipramine

A

Depression, fibromyalgia, CFS

Tricyclic antidepressant - anticholinergic

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13
Q

Haldol

A

Insomnia

Sedative hypnotic

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14
Q

Naprosyn

A

Pain

NSAID

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15
Q

Valium

A

Anxiety and insomnia

Benzodiazipine sedative

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16
Q

Response to exposure that is less than expected

A

Antagonistic

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17
Q

Cancer risk values are over how many years?

A

70

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18
Q

Lethal dose 0/50

A

Lowest dose of a substance (dose of) introduced by any route other than inhalation which has been reported to have caused death in humans or animals (cause death 50% of defined experimental animal population)

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19
Q

LOAEL

A

Lowest observed adverse effect level to cause harm effects in people or animals

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20
Q

MRL

A

Minimal risk level

Dose of substance below which it is unlikely to cause harm

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21
Q

NOAEL

A

Highest tested dose that has been reported to have NO adverse effects level on people/animals

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22
Q

Any substance that injures or kills living things

A

Toxicant

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23
Q

VOC

A

Volatile organic compound - readily evaporate into air

Benzene, toluene, methylene chloride

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24
Q

If pt has HTN, elevated temperature, dilated pupils, rapid pulse what is the overdose on?

A

Antidepressants

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25
Q

Aflatotoxin

Poisoning

A

Poison produced by fungi (Aspergillus flavus)

Liver damage –> hepatocellular carcinoma

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26
Q

Arsenic

Poisoning

A

Chemical interferes w/pyruvate dehydrogenase, smells like garlic antidote is chelating agent like dimercaprol
Headaches, confusion, diarrhea, hematuria, drowsiness

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27
Q

Barbituate

A

Sedative hypnotic drug; respiratory depression, dilated pupils

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28
Q

Beta blockers

A

Tx HTN

Cause hypotension and bradycardia

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29
Q

Cholinergic

A

Mimic ACh
Carbamates, organophosphate (inhibit cholinesterase lead to pinpoint pupils, sweating, vomiting, bradycardia, and wheezing) insecticides (antidote atropine), mushrooms

30
Q

Domoic acid

A

Neurotoxin produced by harmful algae found in red tide

31
Q

Emetic

A

Vomiting-inducing substance - syrup of ipecac (not for petroleum or bleach)

32
Q

Lead poisoning

A

Anemia, blue gum line, clumsiness, difficult behaviour, emesis
Antidote chelating agent like dimercaprol

33
Q

Marijuana

A

Red eyes due to dilated blood vessels

34
Q

Mercury poisoning

A

Heavy metal associated with seafood and top hat cleaning antidote chelating agent like dimercaprol
Red face, numbness in fingers, abnormal behaviour

35
Q

Methanol

OD

A

alcohol from fermentation of wood product

Confusion, ataxia, blindness, coma

36
Q

Tricyclic antidote?

A

Sodium bicarb

37
Q

Freud

A

Id: selfish, primitive, childish, pleasure oriented personality, basic instincts
Superego: internalized social and parental standard or right and wrong
Ego: reality check in btw
Free association, dream analysis

38
Q

Erikson

A 
Infant - trust vs mistrust
Toddler - autonomy vs shame and doubt
Kindergarten - initiative vs guilt
Childhood - industry vs inferiority
Teen- identify vs role confusion
YA - intimacy vs isolation
Midlife - generativity vs stagnation
Old age - ego integrity vs despair
39
Q

Jung

A

Extrovert vs introvert, thinking vs intuitive, sensing vs feeling, judging vs perceiving
Dream analysis

40
Q

Maslow

A 
Basic survival - food, water
Safety - shelter
Social - friends
Rewards - recognition
Self actualization
41
Q

The doctor redirects feelings towards a person onto the patient

A

Counter-transference

42
Q

Dissociation

A

Temporary drastic mod of one’s ID or character to avoid emotional distress; separation or postponement of a feeling that normally would accompany a situation or thought

43
Q

Unconsciously choosing to perceive another individual s having more positive qualities than he/she may have

A

Idealization

44
Q

Somatization

A

Transformation of negative feelings to others into negative feelings to self, pain, illness, anxiety

45
Q

Conversion of unacceptable urges into more socially acceptable behaviours

A

Sublimation

46
Q

Antisocial personality disorder

A

Blatant disregard to law, lacks ability to feel guilty

47
Q

Avoidant personality disorder

A

Marked feelings of inadequacy, very sensitive to criticism

48
Q

Borderline personality disorder

A

Unpredictable, impulsive, sudden outbursts of anger or sadness

49
Q

Cluster personality disorder

A

Odd grouping of paranoid and schizoid traits

50
Q

Compulsive personality disorder

A

Preoccupation with orderliness and perfection

51
Q

Histrionic personality disorder

A

Tendency to be dramatic, exaggerate and clingy

52
Q

Multiple personality disorder

A

Ability to manifest personalities of a number of people

53
Q

Narcissistic personality disorder

A

Preoccupation with self, always craving attention

54
Q

Paranoid personality disorder

A

Unwarranted suspicious or defensive behaviour

55
Q

Passive aggressive personality disorder

A

Stubborn and argumentative

56
Q

Schizoid personality disorder

A

Introverted, oversensitive, seclusive, daydreams

57
Q

DSM V criteria for depression:

A

Sadness + 4 of the following for 2 weeks:
Sleep disturbance, interest loss, guilt feelings, energy loss, concentration loss, appetite change, psychomotor retardation or agitation, suicidal thoughts

58
Q

DSM V criteria for panic disorder:

A

Sudden onset of fear peaks in 10 minutes + 4:
chest pain, choking sensation, depersonalization, derealization, fear of dying, fear of losing control, nausea, numbness, sweating, SoB, palpitations

59
Q

DSM V criteria for schizophrenia:

A

2 of the following for at least one month:
flattening of affect, inappropriate affect, faulty abstraction, thought insertion or broadcasting, hallucinations, loss of interest, poverty of speech or delusions

60
Q

DSM V criteria for somatization disorder:

A 
History of many physical complaints <39 years and all of the following:
4 pain symptoms in 4 different spots
2 GI symptoms
1 sexual complaint
1 pseudoneurological symptom
61
Q

Aversion therapy works well with?

A

Phobias, addictions

62
Q

Cognitive behavioural therapy works well with?

A

PTSD, Chronic fatigue syndrome

63
Q

Therapist associated with:
Group
Body-oriented psychotherapy
Reality

A

Pratt
Reich
Glasser

64
Q

Flooding therapy works well with?

A

Phobias

65
Q

Beck inventory screens for?

A

Depression

66
Q

Catatonia

A

Disturbance of motor behaviour (rigid position for long periods of time), agitated behaviour - schizophrenia

67
Q

Confusion and shaking tremors from alcohol withdrawal:

A

Delirium tremens

68
Q

Neologism

A

Making up new words (Schizophrenia)

69
Q

Unconsciously suppressed behaviour expressed as oppposite behaviour in exaggerated form?

A

Reaction formation

70
Q

Characteristics of successful therapists:

A

Genuineness, acceptance, tenderheartedness, empathy, willingness to share

Clinical Sciences (5 decks)

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