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Zuku toxicology > Toxicology > Flashcards

Toxicology Flashcards

1
Q

Trichothecene

A
  • Mycotoxin
  • Decrease imunity + vomit
  • A refuse to eat
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2
Q

Fesceu grass

A

Lameness + hyperthermia

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3
Q

Zeara-lenone

A

Estrogenism–vulvovaginitis

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4
Q

__________ prevent overeating of feed containing zeara-lenone

A

Deoxy-niva-lenol

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5
Q

Fumonisin

A

Fusarium sp. on moldy corn
Horse— CNS
Pig– high BP + lung edema

In horse ka EQUINE LEUKO-ENCEPHALOMALACIA
In piga ka PORCINE PULMONARY ODEMA

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6
Q

Ergotism

A

Parasitic fungus i.e. Claviceps purpurea
Ryegrass
Vasocontriction of extremitis—necrosis & gangrene
Pituitary effect—- agalactia

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7
Q

Inophore toxicity in horse

A

Colic + TC

Tying up—high creatinine kinase+posterior paralysis

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8
Q

Rx of inophore tox.

A

No antidote

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9
Q

Inophore tox. In CATTLE

A

Multiple organs effected

Minly HEART FAILURE

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10
Q

Which cause CARDIOMYOPATHY in cattle

SCC GuLaM

A 
Gossypol
Monensin
Lymphosarcoma
Selenium/vit. E deficiency--white muscle dz.
Cu def.--myocardial fibrosis
Cassia
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11
Q

Slaf-ramine

A

Horse,cattle
Oral irritation—profuse salivation
Due to BLACK PATCH dz. on RED CLOVER

Sluff red black + saliva

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12
Q

Black patch dz. by which fungus

A

RHIZOC-TONIA

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13
Q

Red clover plant scientific name

A

TRIFOLIUM

Clove means tri

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14
Q

Aflatoxicosis

A

A. Flavus , A. Parasiticus
Peanut,soybean
LIVER DAMAGE—jaundice + WS hemorhages

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15
Q

Oak/quer-cus

A

Has GALLOTANIN
GIT damage + KIDNEY damage
GOATS most resitant

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16
Q

Oak is aka

A

Quercus

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17
Q

__________ ,__________ ,__________ seen in inophore tox.

A

Heart damage
Colic
Myoglobin-uria

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18
Q

Zinc deficiency

A 
--parakeratosis
Excess keratinization 
No itching
Ventral abdomen,limbs
Dd: exudative dermatitis(but seen in YOUNGER SUCKLING PIGLETS)
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19
Q

Exudative dermatitis

A

Aka greasy pig dz.
CO= staph. HYI-CUS
SUCKLING piglets

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20
Q

DD of zinc def. in pigs

A

Greasy pig dz./exudative dermatitis
Occur in SUCKLING piglets

In both, lesions on ventral thorax + limbs

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21
Q

__________ poisoning — Cu def.

A

Mo

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22
Q

Ponderosa pine

A
  • Most sensitive=CATTLE
  • LATE TERM ABORTION(3rd trimester)
  • TP= ISO-CUP-RESSIC acid—vasocontriction—no blood to uterus+ necrosis of CL—no progestrone
  • 3 kg 3 days 3 weeks abortion
  • before abortion= edema of vulva and udder+ mucoid vaginal discharge
  • if born , calf week & mom dont produce milk
  • common in winters
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23
Q

4-ipomeanol tox.

A
  • aka MOLDY SWEET POTATO
  • dd: ABPEE/FOG FEVER
  • edema of lungs seen
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24
Q

ABPEE

A
  • Acute bovine pulmonary emphysema and edema

- TP= L-TRYPTOPHAN—3-METHYL-LINDONE in body—-lungs damaged

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25
Q

Arsenic tox.

A

E=Ant baits , wood preservatives ,thi-acetars-emide
CS= GIT hemorhage + diarrhoea
Rx= DIMERCAPROL (deep IM)

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26
Q

What is thi-ace-tars-amide

A
  • A heart work adulticide
  • Composed of arsenic—high dose lead to ARSENIC tox.—GIT bleeding
  • replaced by MELARSOMINE
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27
Q

Pentachlorophenol is __________ ,__________

A

Fungicide

Molluscide

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28
Q

__________ is found in SNAIL BAITS

A

Met-aldehyde

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29
Q

PARA-DI-CHLORO-BENZENE

PDCB

A
  • in diaper,deo

- CNS signs + SALIVATION

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30
Q

Toad poisoning in dog

A
  • profuse saliva+ head shaking+ pawing at mouth
  • eg: toad like BUFO MARINUS

Will look like rabies

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31
Q

RAISIN & GRAPES in dog

A

ANURIC RENAL dz.

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32
Q

Salmon poisoning

A

Occur 1 week after eating fish which ate a fluke which contained parasite NEO-RICKETSIA HEL-MINTHOCA

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33
Q

severe GI signs + bloody diarhoea

Guess which metal tox. ?

A

Arsenic

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34
Q

Urea

A

Bovine bonkers
Tremors
Rx= vinegar

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35
Q

Lead

A

CNS signs–blindness

Constipation or diarrhoea

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36
Q

Cantharidin

A
  • a horse dz.

COLIC + KIDNEY damage—-blood in urine

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37
Q

Chlorinated hydrocarbons

A

Eg= lindane, methoxychlor

CNS depress or excite —daure

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38
Q

Trichothecene

A
  • A fungal toxin. (Dz. ka STACHY-BOTYRO-toxicosis)

- VOMIT + IMMUNOSUPRESION

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39
Q

Vomit + immunosupresion

A

Tricho-the-cene

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40
Q

Goitrogenic plants include __________ ,__________ ,__________ ,__________ ,__________

A 
Soybean
Cabbage
Rape
Kale
Turnip
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41
Q

Sc of BRACKEN FERN

A

Pteridium aqui-linum

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42
Q

Sc of chokecherry

A

Prunus virginia

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43
Q

Avocado sc

A

Persea americana

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44
Q

Oleander sc

A

Nerium oleander

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45
Q

Milk vetch sc

A

Astargalus flavus

Aka locoweed

Lok milk star ox

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46
Q

Swainsonine

A
  • In astargalus,oxytropis
  • CNS signs(circling too)
  • predispose to HIH MOUNTAIN dz.
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47
Q

Astargalus and oxytropis aka

A

Locoweed , milk vetch

Loc milk star ox
Damag kharab te saah di problem

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48
Q

Chokecherry has __________

A

Cyanide

CYANIDE kha ke PRAN gae te CHOKE hoi

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49
Q

Bracken fern contain __________

A

Thiaminase

BRA te TEER vala tattoo on THIGH

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50
Q

Oleander has __________ glycosides

A

CARDIAC

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51
Q

Desi LOCOWEED

A

Lock milk star ox

Dimag kharab te saah kharab

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52
Q

Locoweed predipose to __________ disease

A

High mountain dz/brisket edema

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53
Q

Ponerosa pines cause __________

A

Abortion

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54
Q

Permethrin toxicity

A

-in flea dip
-HYPERSALIVATION + CNS signs + VD
-dd= OPP, carbamate. (NO MIOSIS in it)
Rx= METHO-CARBAMOL(a MR)

Atropine is not effective && no MIOSIS is seen

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55
Q

D-limonene

A

Anti-flea med

—vomit in dogs

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56
Q

__________ crystals seen in ETHYLENE GLYCOL tox.

A

Calcium oxalate MONOHYDRATE(6 sided prism)
After 3 hr in Cat
After 6 hr in Dog

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57
Q

Ethylene glycol tox.

A
  • DRUNKEN GAIT—quiet—PU/PD—OLIGURIA
  • BW= azotemia,acidosis,hyperosmolar serum
  • UW=flattened hexagon/picket fence board CRYSTALS
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58
Q

What can cause flase +ve in ethylene glycol kit?

A

If products containining PROPYLENE GLYCOL are given before eg: VALIUM , CHARCOAL

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59
Q

__________ ,__________ ,__________ cause BM supression

A

Girseofulvin
Chloramphenicol
Sulfonamide

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60
Q

__________ ,__________ ,__________ are teratogens

A

Griseofulvin
Ketaconazole
Doxorubicin

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61
Q

Rx of ARSENIC tox.

A

DIMERCAPROL (BAL)

Also give SDOIUM THIOSULFATE IV—-maintains renal function

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62
Q

Why arsenic poisoning look like parvo?

A

V+ bloody diarrhoea

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63
Q

Cat with VD+HYPERSALIVA+CNS signs

Desi. Rabies signs with ULTI & TATIA

A 
FLEA DIPS(permethrin)
Rx: metho-carbamol
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64
Q

Pregnant ruminant eat LUPINE plant=

A

Arthro-gryposis in child

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65
Q

Adult ruminant eat lupine plant=

A

CONVULSION—DYSPNOEA—res. Failure—-death

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66
Q

Lupine infected with fungus PHOMOPSIS=

A

Hepatic damage

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67
Q

Swainsonine is found in __________ ,__________

A

Oxytropis
Astargalus

Desi= loc milk star ox—-SWAN
Dimag kharab te saah kharab

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68
Q

OP/carbamate tox.

A
  • SLUDDE
  • dx: low ACHE levels
  • rx: ATROPINE(for muscarinic signs) , 2-PAM(for nicotinic signs)

OP inhibit reversibily
Carbamate inhibit irreversibly

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69
Q

SLUDDE stand for

A 
Saliva
Lacrimation
Urination
Defecation
Dysponoea
Emesis
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70
Q

Desi= je animal de HAR MORE CHO FLUID NIKAL rea te what is diagnosis?

A

OP/CARBAMATE

I.e. SLUDDE

Rx: atropine,2-PAM

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71
Q

Mare resproductive loss syndrome

A

-E=cherry tree, caterpillers

SC of cherry tree is PRUNUS AVIUM

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72
Q

V+PU/PD+CNS(knuckling,decreased reflexes)

What did dog eat?

A

Antifreeze

Desi= HALKAE kute nu ANTIFREEZE do, fer oh PAANI pe lu ga par ohnu VOMIT a jau gi

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73
Q

Molluscicide

A
  • eg= metaldehyde

- CNS signs+TC+HYPERTHERMIA

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74
Q

Bukhar +heart beat TEZ + CNS signs

Dog ne ki khada?

A

Molluscicide

Desi=AMOLAK da ias clear nai hoea, fer BUKHAR ho geya— HEART BEAT TEZ ho gai te PAGAL ho gea

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75
Q

Cu toxicity

A
  • Gun metal kidney—port wine urine
  • GE–JAUNDICE–SHOCK

Desi= mini COOPER de bonet te GUN jehde cho WINE di bottle nikal di, driver seat te FATEH te naldi seat te JASWANT jehre BIJLI farhi

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76
Q

Memorise lead

A

Lead vali pencil khadi, AKH thani ho ke DIMAg ch vargi—DIMAG te AKHA dove kharab

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77
Q

Remember arsenic

A

ARY nu PARVO bohot hundi

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78
Q

Use Ca-EDTA to chelate __________

A

Lead

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79
Q

Amitraz antidote

A

Yohimbine

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80
Q

Rx pralidoxime for

A

OP/carbamate

Desi= OP soni ne CAR ch PRALI ladi

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81
Q

Rx methocarbamol

A

Permethrin

Desi= PARI MATH sikhaundi

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82
Q

Rx 4-MP/FOMEPIZOLE

A

ETHYLENE GLYCOL

Desi=je ANTIFREEZA khada te ohnu AMPLIFIER te FEEM khavao

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83
Q

Acetaminophen toxicity in cat

A
  • METHEMOGLOBINURIA+METHEMOGLOBINEMIA+HEINZ BODY ANAEMIA
  • dd= IMHA,ITP,anticoagulant,hemobartonellosis

Desi= cat ne TYLENOL khali te ohnu METHI te HONEY do

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84
Q

Case scenario of ACETAMINOPHEN tox. In CAT

A

Brown blood—DARK MUCUS MEMBRANE
BROWN URINE
HEAD and FEET SWOLLEN +++

Vomit & abd. Pain (general in toxicity) +

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85
Q

Other signs except brown urine & brown mm in TYLENOL poisoning in cat?

A

Swollen head & limbs

V + abd. Pain

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86
Q

EASTER LILY tox. In CAT

A
  • ACUTE RENAL FAILURE—-V+PU/PD

- BT= AZOTEMIA + high K + high P

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87
Q

Which animal is most sensitive and most resitant to salt poisoning?

A

Most resistant is SHEEP

Most sensitive in PIG

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88
Q

Rx protocol for ACETAMINOPHEN tox. In CAT

A

-vomit—gastric lavage—IV fluid—-N-acetylcysteine

Monitor methb Q 2 hr (>50%=[prognosis grave)
If liver enz. High increase within 12 hr—SERIOUS CONCERN

USUALLY SIGNS PERSIST for 1 day
50 mg tab is TOXIC

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89
Q

Cu def. / Mo tox.

A

ACHROMOTRICHIA—-depigmented hair
PEAT SCOURS/TEART—– diarrhoea with bubbles
Decreased fertility + lameness

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90
Q

__________ ,__________ ,__________ contain PYRO-LIZIDINE alkaloids

A

Senecio,crotalaria,amsinkia
-LIVER DAMAGE

Desi+ CENA ne SINK ch COAT ute PAER rak ke LIVER nal dhote

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91
Q

White muscle dz.

A

-Vit.E/selenium def.
-young a
-vigrous exercise—dyspnoea—–sudden death
DUE TO MYOCARDIAL Dz.
-stiff gait+arched back+ recumbent but BAR(bright,alert,responsive)

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92
Q

Death due to enterotoxemia in calf

A

Bloody diarrhoea+convulsion+opisthonous

Dd: white muscle dz.(i.e. SUDDEN DEATH)

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93
Q

Amsinkia is SC of __________

A

Yellow tarweed

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94
Q

Crotalaria is Sc of __________

A

Rattleweed

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95
Q

senecio is SC of __________

A

Ragwort

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96
Q

Ammoniated feed toxicity

A
  • bovine bonkers
  • CNS signs+colic/bloat+dyspnoea
  • SMELL of AMMONIA in RUMEN GAS

TREMORS in FACE SEEN

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97
Q

In pseudorabies you see __________ & __________

A

Itching

Salivation

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98
Q

TEME

A
  • haemophilus somnus

- RES+CNS(+blind,opisthonus)+septic ARTHRITIS

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99
Q

Memorise TEME

A

haemophilus somnus effect all serous membranes

  • pleural cavity—-cough,dyspnoea
  • meninges—-CNS signs
  • synovial joinr—-arthritis

Desi= HEMA di TEAM in ipl

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100
Q

CNS signs + BLOAT/COLIC + dyspnoea

What has cattle eaten?

A

Urea/ammoniated feed

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101
Q

Poliencephalomalacia

A

Star gazing+opisthonus+head pressing +ataxia

Desi= rx is SOHA ali khan nu bulao

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102
Q

Nitrate poisoning

A

Methhemoglobinemia
Normal in feed < 10,000 ppm
Normal in blood <10ug/ml

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103
Q

Mm color in cyanide poisoning is _________ due to _________

A

BRIGHT RED

Cyanohb

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104
Q

Cattle death due to BLUE green algae

A

Death near water sourse

Brady+salivation

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105
Q

Redwater dz.

A

Clostridium hemolyticum
Intravascular hemolysis–mm icteric , plasma red , urine brown

HEMOGLOBIN in urine

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106
Q

Chocolate tox. In dogs

A
  • TP=methyl-xanthines
  • EXCITEMENT+SEIZURES+ARRYTHMIAS
  • ECG—V-TACH
  • if mild= V+D+PU+hyperactivity
  • rx=apomorphine for vomit—LIDOCAINE for v-tach—-diazepam for seizure

If diazepam dont work , give PHENO or PENTO SLOWLY IV

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107
Q

How much milk chocolate can kill 7 kg dog

A

200 gram

50 gram baking choco can do same

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108
Q

Carcinogen in fishmeal is _________

A

Ethoxy-quin

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109
Q

Bracken fern ingestion lead to _________ and _________

A

Enzootic hematuria

BM suppression—decrease in all cell lines

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110
Q

Gossypol lead to _______,____,______ toxicities after chronic ingestion

A

Cardiac
Hepatic
Renal

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111
Q

Poison hemlock/conium maculatum. In CATTLE

A
  • TP=coniine
  • MOUSY ODOUR+HINDLIMB weakness+dilated pupil+slow HR & RR
  • ingestion by PA——arthrogryposis

-MOUSY ODOUR FROM URINE AND BREATH

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112
Q

Cyanide tox.

A
  • by PRUNUS sp.(cherry,apricot,peach)
  • MM RED
  • spasms+salivation+high HR and RR
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113
Q

Yellow star thistle/russian knapweed SC is

A

Centaurea

Desi=YELLOW STAR ch RUSSIANS CENT banaunde ne

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114
Q

Nigropallidal encephalomalacia

A
  • ingestion of CENTAUREA sp.
  • only horse effected
  • necrosis of neurons in SUBSTANTIA NIGRA and GLOBUS PALIDUS
  • aka CHEWING dz.
  • face hypertonicity+CURLING of lips+involuntary CHEWING movements

Horse CANT chew, but CAN swallow

Rx: euthanasia

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115
Q

SC of TALL FESCuE

A

Neotyphodium

Desi= plant ute FISH, piche GURINDER te ohnu AGG lagi

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116
Q

ABDOMINAL FAT NECROSIS

A

Aka LIPOMATOSIS

Caused by eating TALL FESCUE

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117
Q

Bracken fern poisoning lead to ________ def. which lead to ________ and ________

A

Thiamine
Lethargy
Ataxia

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118
Q

SLUDDE + miosis

Suspect what?

A

OP or carbamate poisoning

Rx: atorpine,pralidoxime(2-PAM)

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119
Q

Horse with POSTERIOR PARESIS,high CK,TACHY,TYING UP

What did it eat?

A

Ionophore

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120
Q

Greasewood SC is

A

Sarcobatus

Desi= wood nu GREASE la ke SAR do

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121
Q

-OXALATE poisoning

A

-bind to Ca in blood—–hypocalcemia
-Ca oxalate stones—-kidney failure
Head lower–seperate from head—excesss saivate with froth—iprog. Incoordination—-coma—death

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122
Q

Plants containing oxalates

A 
Greasewood
Sorrel
Dock
Pigweed
Lambsquater

Desi= oxygen needed by PIG & LAMB for DOCKING..end ch GREASE la do

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123
Q

Onion tox. In cats

A

Oxidative damage to rbc—heinza body anemia
Hb in urine

Dont give garlic and onion

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124
Q

Full rx for antifreeze tox.

A

Induce vomit—-charcoal , sodium sulfate
IV fluid–diuresis
Treat METABOLIC ACIDOSIS
To prevent metabolism of Eg—give 4-MP

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125
Q

Azaleas(rhodo-dendron)

A

CARDIAC ARYTHMIA+GASTRIC problem

Desi= AZAM nu ROAD ute ARY. Te GIT prob hui

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126
Q

Water hemlock

A

Sc=cicuta

Convulsion—death

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127
Q

Horsebush

A

Sc=tetradymia
Liver damage—photosensitization
BIG HEAD

128
Q

Larkspur

A

Sc=delphinium

BLOAT + salivation

129
Q

False hellbere

A

Sc= veratum
Weak muscle+paralysis
Brady+dyspnoea

CONGENITAL CYCLOPS in LAMBS

Desi= HELL ch sare muscle paralysis i.e. HEART,DIAPHRRAGM,SKELE. M

130
Q

Dark chocolate blood in which poisonining?

A

Nitrate

131
Q

Garlicky odour in _____ toxicity

A

Selenium

Selena nu garlic pasand

132
Q

Mouse like odour in ______ toxicity

A

Poison HEMLOCK(conium sp.)

HEMA malini de CAN ch MOUSE

133
Q

Alkali disease aka

A

Selenium toxicity

134
Q

Blind staggers aka ______

A

Selenium toxicity

Selene STAGE ton dig ke BLIND ho gi, ohnu ALLI ne bachaea

135
Q

Milk sickness by eatng ________ plant

A

White snakeroop(eupa-tropium sp.)

136
Q

Crooked calf syndrome by eating _____ plant at _____ gestation age

A
  • LUPINE

- 40-70 days

137
Q

Limberleg caused by ______ plant

A

ACAIA sp.

138
Q

Bright blindness:

  • seen in _____ species
  • by eating ______ plant
A
  • SHEEP

- Bracken fern

139
Q

Ptaquiloside in bracken fern causes renital atrophy in sheep ka ______

A

Bright blindness

140
Q

3 plants causing thiamine deficiency in horse?

A
  • bracken fern
  • horse tail
  • scouring RUSH

Brock ne thigh khadi, ohde tail ug gi te rashs ho ge

141
Q

Copper toxicity is genetic in _____ dog breeds

A

Bedlington terriers

142
Q

Which species is most predisposed to COPPER toxicity?

A

Sheep

143
Q

COPPER build up in ____ organ in toxicityq

A

Liver

144
Q

Cu toxicity cause _____ crisis

A

HEMOLYTIC

145
Q

3 plants causing Cu toxicity?

A
  • Senecio
  • Trifolium
  • Heliotropium
146
Q

Senecio aka ______

A

Ragweed

CENA RAG paunda

147
Q

Trifolium causes _______ and ______

A
  • Cu toxicity

- Estrogenism

148
Q

Cyanide found in which 3 grasses?

A
  • johnson grass
  • sudan grass
  • white clover
149
Q

Toxic chemical in CYANIDE plant?

A

PRUSSIC ACID

150
Q

Cyanide combine with _____ in CYTOCHROME OXIDASE in cells

A

Fe

I.e. IRON

151
Q

Tell the condition:

  • BRIGHT RED BLOOD
  • CHOCOLATE BLOOD
A
  • CYANIDE

- NITRATE

152
Q

_____ smell in rumen in cyanide poisoning

A

BITTER ALMOND

153
Q

_____ test increase in ANTICOAGULANT RODENTICIDE poisoning

A

PT

154
Q

Shape of crystals form in antifreeze toxicity

A

MALTESE CROSS

155
Q

2 rx for CARBAMATE toxicity?

A
  • ATROPINE

- ALLOXINE

156
Q

ALLOXINE is Rx for ________

A

CARBAMATE toxicity

157
Q

ALLOXINE is __________

A

Cholinestrate reactivator

158
Q

OPP compounds have _____ and _____ in name

A

THION

PHOS

159
Q

Highest concentration of LEAD in _____ organ

A

KIDNEY

160
Q

What is diagnostic value of lead in kidney for toxicity?

A

> 4 PPM

161
Q

Rx for LEAD toxicity?

A
  • Ca EDTA

- thimine

162
Q

NITRATE is not found in grains of plant. T/F

A

T

163
Q

Rx for NITRATE toxicity?

A

METHYLENE BLUE

164
Q

METHYLENE BLUE IS rx for _______

A

NITRATE toxicity

165
Q

Place to take diagnostic sample for NITRATE toxicity?

A

OCULAR FLUID

166
Q

PCB and DIOXINS are ______

A

Halogenated cyclic hydrocarbons

167
Q

2 plants causing abortion?

A
  • astargalus

- ponderosa pine

168
Q

A plant that cause ABORTION and CONTRACTED TENDON?

A

Astragalus

169
Q

Subteranean clover cause _______

A

Estrogenism

170
Q

Subteranean clover scientific name is _______

A

Trifolium repens

171
Q

Name 5 plants which are teratogens?

A
  • veratrum(false hellebore)
  • lupine
  • conium(hemlock)
  • astragalus(locoweed)
  • tobaco
172
Q

Tobaco as teratogen cause ___ and _____

A
  • arthrogryphosis

- twisted limbs

173
Q

Lupine as teratogen cause _______

A

Crooked calf

174
Q

These are caused by:

  • cyclops=
  • crooked calf=
A
  • false hellebore

- lupine

175
Q

Conium/hemlock as teratogen cause ______

A

-arthrogryposis

176
Q

Astragalus/locoweed as teratogen cause ______ and ______

A
  • arthrogryposis

- conracted tendon

177
Q

Tobaco,hemlock,locoweed cause ARTHROGRYPOSIS. T/F

A

T

178
Q

Buckwheat and St. john wort cause ________

A

Photosensitization

179
Q

Cyanide in which type of fruits?

A

Prunus/pitted fruits

180
Q

Which grasses have cyanide?

A
  • johnson grass
  • sorghum
  • corn
181
Q

Which large tree has cyanide?

A

Eucalyptus

182
Q

Which berry has cyanide?

A

Elder berry

183
Q

_____foot and _____ clover has cyanide

A
  • Bird

- white

184
Q

Meth-hemoglobinemia is caused by _____ toxicity

A

-Nitrate

185
Q

Name 5 plants which cause nitrate poisoning?

A
  • amaranthus
  • oats
  • corn
  • beet
  • lamb quater
  • sorghum
186
Q

Which plant cause bleeding?

A

Sweetclover

187
Q

Scientific name of sweetclover is ______

A

Meli-lotus

188
Q

TP in sweetclover is _______

A

-dicoumarol

189
Q

Name 3 plants causing hemolysis

A
  • red maple
  • onion
  • brassica
190
Q

SN of red maple

A

Acer rubrum

191
Q

Brassica include _____ and _____

A
  • canola

- rapeseed

192
Q

TP in onion is ____

A

N-propyl disulfide

193
Q

TP in brassica is ______

A

S-methyl cystine sulfoxide

194
Q

Brassica cause _____

A

Hemolysis

195
Q

Brassica and acer rubrum form HEINZ BODY . T/F

A

T

196
Q

Name a plant which cause BM depression

A

-Bracken fern

197
Q

Canola cause _______ formation and ______ problem

A
  • heinz body

- lung

198
Q

2 TP in bracken fern?

A
  • ptaquiloside

- thiaminase

199
Q

3 plants which cause pulmonary toxicity?

A
  • Brassica
  • sweet potato(ipomea)
  • purple mint(perilla)
200
Q

_____ mint cause pulmonary toxicity

A

Purple

*purple mint ka perilla

201
Q

Digitalis is ______toxic

A

Cardio

202
Q

Name 4 plants which have digitalis and cause heart problem?

A
  • foxglove(digitalis purpurea)
  • dogbane
  • oleander
  • lily of valley(apocynum)
203
Q

Name 2 plants which have “DIGITALIS like” effect?

A
  • monkshood(aconitum)
  • milkweed

*cardiotoxic + GI signs

204
Q

Aconitum is SN for ______

A

-monkshood

205
Q

Name 2 misc cardiotoxic plants

A
  • yew(taxus)

- death camus

206
Q

Which part of yew is not cardiotoxic?

A

Fruit

207
Q

TP in taxus/yew

A

Taxine

208
Q

Which 2 plants cause ALTERED PERIPHERIAL CIRCULATION?

A
  • tall fescue

- black walnut(juglans nigra)

209
Q

Black walnut and tall fascue cause circulation problems. T/F

A

T

210
Q

SN for black walnut

A

Juglans nigra

211
Q

Black lameness cause ____ in horse

A

LAMINITS

212
Q

Tall fescue SN is ______

A

-acremonium

213
Q

Tall fescue cause _____,______ and _______

A
  • summer syndrome
  • fescue foot
  • bovine fat necrosis
214
Q

Andro-medo-toxicosis has effect similar to ______

A

-digitalis

215
Q

Ando-medo-toxicosis is caused by which 3 plants?

A
  • kalmia(calf kill,lamb kill)
  • pierus japonica
  • rhododendron
216
Q

TP in oak/quercus

A

Gallotoxin

217
Q

Oak is _____toxic

A

Nephro

218
Q

Name 4 plants which are nephrotoxic?

A
  • oak
  • oxalate containing plants
  • vit. D containing plants
  • amaranthus
  • lily
219
Q

SN of amaranthus?

A

Pigweed

220
Q

amaranthus cause _____ and _____ poisoning

A
  • oxalate

- nitrate

221
Q

Gallotoxin in _____

A

Oak

222
Q

Oxalate and nitrate are present in ______ plant

A

Amaranthus/pig weed

223
Q

Which plant cause nephrosis?

A

Amaranthus

224
Q

3 main plants containing OXALATE?

A
  • lamb quarter
  • beet
  • rhubarb
225
Q

3 plants containing vit. D?

A
  • cestrum(jessamine)
  • trisetum(golden oats)
  • solanum
226
Q

Toxic principle in cestrum,trisetum,solanum is ______

A

Calcitriol

227
Q

3 plants causing secondary photosensitization?

A
  • agave
  • lantana
  • tetradymia(horsebush)

*ag lan tati

228
Q

Lupine is aka ______

A

Bluebonnet

229
Q

Bluebonnet is aka ____

A

Lupine

230
Q

Lupine has a neurotoxin and a reprotoxin. T/F

A

T

231
Q

2 TP in LUPINE?

A
  • quino-lizidine

- anagyrine

232
Q

Lupine cause _____ syndrome

A

Crooked calf

233
Q

Crooked calf syndrome is caused by _____

A

Lupine

234
Q

3 features in crooken calf syndrome?

A
  • torticollis
  • carpal flexure
  • scoliosis
235
Q

When should a pregnant cattle eat LUPINE to cause CROOKED CALF SYNDROME?

A

-day 40-70

236
Q

Two plants causing muscle weakness?

A
  • sorgum/sudan grass

- cassia/coffe senna

237
Q

Sorghum is aka ______ and ______

A
  • sudan grass

- johnson grass

238
Q

TP in sorghum?

A

-B cyano alanine

239
Q

B cyano alanine is present in _______

A

Sorghum

240
Q

Sorghum cause _____ syndrome

A

-equine sorghum cystitis ataxia syndrome

241
Q

Cassia is aka _____ and _____

A
  • sickepod

- coffe senna

242
Q

Cassia cause _______

A

Muscle necrosis

243
Q

Which plant cause muscle necrosis?

A

Coffee senna/cassia

244
Q

Name 4 plants which are GI toxicants?

A
  • buttercup
  • castor bean
  • stinging nettle
  • mustard
245
Q

Name 2 plants which have NEUROMUSCULAR effects?

A
  • conium/poison hemlock

- delphinium/larkspur

246
Q

Conium aka _______

A

Poison hemlock

247
Q

Delphinium aka ______

A

Larkspur

248
Q

Poison hemlock and larkspur have nicotinic effects. T/F

A

T

249
Q

What is TERATOGENIC efect of poison hemlock?

A
  • crooked limbs

- cleft palate

250
Q

____ odour from leaves of conium/poison hemlock

A

Mouse like

251
Q

_____ family plants have antiACHE affects

A
  • nightshade family

* tomato and groundcherry too have

252
Q

3 plants which have anti-cholinergic effect?

A
  • deadly and black nightshade
  • jimson weed
  • potato
253
Q

White snakeroot SN is ______

A

-eupatorium

254
Q

TP in WHITE SNAKEROOT?

A

Trematrol

255
Q

White snakeroot cause ______ sickeness

A

Milk

256
Q

2 effects of white snakeroot?

A
  • CNS depressant

- cardiac effect(CHF)

257
Q

Eupatropium cause CNS depression and CARDIAC problem. T/F

A

T

258
Q

3 toxic principles in astragalus?

A
  • miserotoxin
  • swainsonine
  • selenium
259
Q

Miserotoxin in locoweed cause ________ condition

A

CRACKED HEEL

260
Q

Selenium in locoweed cause _____ and ______

A
  • alkali disease

- blind staggers

261
Q

3 plants which cause seizures?

A
  • milkweed(+cardiac problems)
  • cicuta/water hemlock(resemble strychinine)
  • dicentra(breech)
262
Q

_____- cause exostosis an mottled teeth

A

Fluride

263
Q

Inorganic arsenic effect _____ and _____ system

A
  • cardiac

- GIT

264
Q

Rx for inorganic arsenic?

A
  • DSMA

- DMPS

265
Q

Which is more toxic?

  • organic arsenals
  • inorganic arsenals
A

-inorganic

266
Q

Two type of organic arsenals?

A
  • aliphatic(thiacetarsemide)

- aromatic(feed additive)

267
Q

Organic arsenals cause _____ dz

A

Demyelinating NEURO

268
Q

C$ of organic arsenicals?

A
  • posterior paresis
  • blindness

*BAR

269
Q

Blue green algae is ______bacteria

A

Cyano

270
Q

SN of blue green algae?

A

-microcytis aeruginosa

271
Q

Toxins in blue green algae?

A
  • ana toxin

- saxi toxin

272
Q

Anatoxin and saxitoxin are present in blue green algae. T/F

A

T

273
Q

Monogastrics are more sensitive to blue green algae. T/F

A

F

*monogastrics are less resistance

274
Q

Animals that survive blue green algae cause ___________

A

Secondary photosensitization

275
Q

Meli-lotus is sweetclover. T/F

A

T

276
Q

MOA of STRYCHNINE

A

Inhibits GLYCINE

*glycine is inhibitory neurotransmittor

277
Q

Strychnine cause ______ type of muscle problem

A

Tetanic

278
Q

Strychnine cause death by ______

A

-asphyxiation

279
Q

Sorgum:

  • aka
  • which fungus grow on it?
  • which TP do it form?
A
  • tall fescue
  • acremonium
  • erotine alkaloid
280
Q

Sudan grass poisoning:

  • which species?
  • cause ______ and ______
A
  • horses
  • pyelonephritis
  • abortions
281
Q

GARLICKY odor on breath.

Which toxicity?

A

-selenium

282
Q

Alkali disease features?

A
  • cracked hooves

* caused by selenium toxicity

283
Q

Selenium toxicity cause _______ staggers

A

BLIND

284
Q

Salt toxicity:

  • most sensitive species=
  • most resistant species=
A
  • pig

- sheep

285
Q

Sodium is not TP in salt poisoning. T/F

A

T

286
Q

Which species is most susceptible to molybdenum toxicity?

A

Ruminants

287
Q

Mercury accumulates in which organs?

A
  • brain
  • kidney
  • muscle
288
Q

Mercury cause CNS stimulation or depression?

A

Stimulation

289
Q

Rx for mercury poisoning?

A

DMSA

290
Q

CNS stimulation and HYPERMETRIA is caused by _____ toxicity

A

Mercury

291
Q

Walking disease is caused by ______

A

Pyrolizidine alkaloids

292
Q

Walking disease means __________

A

-hepatic encephalopathy

293
Q

Fiddleneck,comfrey,senecio,crotalaria have pyrolizidine alkaloids. T/F

A

T

294
Q

_____ species is most sensitive to NPN

A

Cattle

295
Q

_____ mold is responsible for MYCOTIC LUPINOSIS

A

-phomopsis

296
Q

______ occurs in mycotic lupinosis

A

-hepatic injury—-photosensitization

297
Q
  • _____ occur in mycotic lupinosis

- ______ occurs by eating lupine

A
  • hepatic injury

- crooked calf syndrome

298
Q
  • Walking dz by ________

- alkali dz by ______

A
  • pyrolizidine alkaloid containing plants

- selenium toxicity

299
Q

Slaframine toxicosis:

  • aka _______
  • plant=_______
  • mold=_________
A
  • slobbers
  • trifolium retense(RED CLOVER)
  • rhizoctonia(BLACK PATCH DISEASE)
300
Q

Phomosis mold grow on ______ plant

A

Lupine

*lupine without phomosis cause crooked calf syndorme

301
Q

____ poisoning associated with EPIDEMIC HYPERTHERMIA

A

Fescue

302
Q

Facial eczema aka _____

A

Pitho-myco-toxicosis

303
Q

TP responsible for FACIAL ECZEMA

A

-sporodesmin

304
Q

Sporodesmin cause _______toxicosis

A

Pithomyco

305
Q

______ occurs in FACIAL ECZEMA

A

-liver damage—–secondary photosensitization

306
Q

Black light test for which toxin?

A

Mycotoxin

307
Q

Mycotoxicosis is most common in :

  • ______
  • ______
  • _______
A
  • piglets
  • poultry
  • young calves
308
Q

HSCAS is Rx for _____

A

Aflatoxicosis

309
Q

Nitrite oxidise ferrous to ______

A

Ferric

310
Q

Nitrate not in grain. T/F

A

T

311
Q

Highest concentration of lead in ____ in body

A

Kidney

312
Q

Ca-EDTA is Rx for ______

A

LEAD

313
Q

LEAD toxicity is most common in ____ and _____

A
  • dog

- cattle

314
Q

Trithecocene cause _____,_____,_____

A
  • vomit
  • anorexia
  • immunosuppression
315
Q

Which mycotoxin cause immunosuppresion?

A

Trithecocene

Zuku toxicology (1 decks)

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