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Food Animal > Toxic Plants > Flashcards

Toxic Plants Flashcards

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1
Q

Perilla mint

A

Pneumotoxin

High mortality

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2
Q

Ponderosa Pine

A

Last trimester abortions

Retained placentas

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3
Q

Lupine

A 
Crooked calf
Arthrogryposis
cleft palate
malpositioning
Neuro in sheep
No tx
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4
Q

Nightshade

A 
atropine containing - CNS + GI
dilated pupils
depression
paralysis
anorxia, v/d
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5
Q

Water hemlock

A

grand mal seizures, salivation, tachypnea, tachycardia, birth defects similar to lupine, and death

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6
Q

Hypericum

A

Photosensitization

contain hypericin

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7
Q

Amaranthus (Pigweed)

A

Nitrates
Hb - Mb - brown blood
Dyspnea, weakness, death

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8
Q

Mold Sweet potato

A

Fusarium solani
mycotoxin 4-Ipomeanol
pneumotoxin

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9
Q

Fiddle neck

A

Liver failure in horses

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10
Q

Brassica plant

A

D,L-tryptophan -3 Methyl indole
pneumotoxin
cyanosis

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11
Q

Chokecherry, Sudan grass, arrow grass, cherries

A

cyanide
CS: SUD, excitement, tremors, dyspnea, ACUTE DEATH, cherry red blood
Tx: Na nitrate, Na thiosulfate

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12
Q

Sorghum, Pigweed, Nightshade

A 
nitrates
brown blood and muddy membranes
tremor, dyspnea, ataxia, HR up
methylene blue
the sore pigs were up at night doing meth
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13
Q 
Lily of the Valley
Foxglove
Rhododendron
Oleander
Yew
A

Lily and the Fox Rhode to the Old Yew to find love - cardiotoxic
CS: Salivation, nausea, vomiting, acute death, weakness bradycardia, AV block
Tx: decontam, support
Atropine - bradycardia
Isoproterenol, procainamide, or quinidine for A/V block

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14
Q 
St. John's Wort
Senecio
Brassica
Blue Green Algae
Amsinckia
A

St Johns Brass band were Sentenced to get SUNBURNED on the blue green sea then sink
Photosensitization
Erythema, pruritus, hyperesthesia, ulceration

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15
Q

Neurotoxic plants

A

Luppy the neuro lark flew at night over the poison brackish water

Lupine
poison hemlock
larkspur - cattle
nightshade
bracken fern
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16
Q

Larkspur

A

neurotoxic - cattle
bloat, neuro, resp paralysis
Tx; Physostigmine, decontam, support, relive bloat

17
Q

Bracken fern

A

cattle, horse, sheep, pigs
thiaminase - PEM
ptaquiloside - bone marrow supp (ruminants)
tx: thiamine

18
Q

black walnut

A

horse
laminitis, limb edema, fever
decontaminate, tx laminitis

19
Q

Gossypol

A

cottonseed does not equal love

cardiotoxic

20
Q

castor bean

A

ricin

GI, weakness, muscle spasm, seating, death, extensive organ edema and damage

21
Q

Dumbcane

A

fat mouth

drooling, lip edema, difficulty swallowing or breathing

22
Q

Locoweed (Astragalus)

A

Go crazy (loco) when preg and can’t walk
ataxia, hypermetria, emaciation
emphysema (sheep)
abortion, teratogens

23
Q

Yellow Star Thistle

A

nigropallidal encephalomalacia

Chewing disease

24
Q

Red Maple

A

RBC destruction

Horses

25
Q

Quercus

A

oakbud
GI and renal disease
renal in cow, not horses
70% mortality

26
Q

jimsonweed

A

parasympatholytic
convulsions, resp failure, incorrdination
tx: physostigmine, decontam, laxative

27
Q

ergotism

A

claviceps purpura
parasite fungus on grain
vascular constriction, thrombosis, gangrene, GI signs

28
Q

colic causing toxins

A

canthardin, oleander, rhododendron, nightshade

29
Q

sorghum

A

myelomalacia of spinal cord

incoordination, urine dribbling

30
Q

Sudan grass

A

nitrate poisoning

tx: methylene blue

31
Q

Fescue

A 
Mare
prolonged gestation
decreased milk production
placental thickening
weak stillborn foals
cattle - lameness, hoof sloughing
32
Q

Aflatoxin

A

pig - poor grower, minor disease problems

hepatic necrosis and fibrosis

33
Q

cantharadin

A

colic

34
Q

fescue

A

abortion

35
Q

amaranthus

A

pigweed
hemoglobin to methemoglobin
brown blood
nitrates!

Food Animal (2 decks)

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