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Toxicology Mrcp 2 > Toxi > Flashcards

Toxi Flashcards

Learn all about toxicology

1
Q

Avoid Quinidine , amiodsrone and flecainide In

A

Tricyclic AD poisoning

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2
Q

Ethanol acts on

A

Alcohol dehydrogenase

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3
Q

Ethylene alcohol poisoning

A

Haemodialysis……in refractory cases

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4
Q

pyrazinamide MOA

A

converted by pyrazinamidase into pyrazinoic acid, and then P ACID is converted to fatty acid synthase 1

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5
Q

ethambutol MOA

A

inhibits arabinosyl transferase

and polymerises arabinose to arabinan

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6
Q

isoniazid moa

A

inhibits mycolic acid synthesis and inhibits liver enzymes

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7
Q

rifampicin

A

inhibits bacterial DNA dependant RNA polymerase , prevents transscription of DNA into RNA

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8
Q

dialysis is ineffective for managing poisoning with which medications

A

tricyclic antidepressants

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9
Q

crack cocaine can cause

A

sympathomimetic and serotonergic effects

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10
Q

mechanism of death through nitric oxide

A

hypoxia

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11
Q

crack cocaine can cause

A

choreoathetoid movements

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12
Q

stimulants like MDMA, amphetamines and cocaine can cause

A

increased serotonin, dopamine and noradrenaline

causes a high feeling of euphoria.

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13
Q

mephedrone is another stimulant

A

also called as meow meow bath salts, M cat.

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14
Q

benzodiazepine antidote flumazenil

A

should not be administered to epileptic patients at high risk of seizures

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15
Q

benzo poisoning

A

GCS goes down, ventilation goes down, immediately deek anaesthetic support

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16
Q

heroin does not cause

A

haematological and neurological symptoms

17
Q

spice can cause( is a synthetic cannabinoid)

A

ACPC BLIND NYS

agitation confusion psychosis coma

blindness and nystagmus

18
Q

serious complication of nitric oxide toxicity

A

oxidization of ferrous ions inside haemoglobin molecules to ferric ions causing methmoglobinemia and therefore reduces oxygen carrying capacity of the blood.

19
Q

nitric oxide can precipitate severe

A

severe B 12 def, causing subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord

20
Q

severe b12 def manifests with which neurological symptoms

A

ataxia, loss of DTRs, dorsal column signs, upper and lower motor signs, loss of proprioception and vibration, pos babinski, ………………….also called myelosis funicularis.

21
Q

serotonin syndrome vs NMS ( similarities)

A

Serotonin syndrome is fast onset……NMS is slow

both have pyrexia rigidity (lead pipe rigidity in NMS), and sweating, patients are young, tachycardic and hypertensive,

22
Q

S syndrome vs NMS

A

SS onset fast, NMS onset: slow

SS: reflexes brisk, NMS refexes are slow

Pupils in SS: are dilated, pupils in NMS: normal

23
Q

drugs causing lung fibrosis

A

BBAN METH

bleomycin, busulphan, amiodarone, nitrofurantoin, methotrexate, sulfasalazine,

bromocriptine. cabergoline, and pergolide.

24
Q

bromocriptone can excacerbate

A

Serotonin syndrome,

25
Q

serotonin syndrome

causes

A

MESA

maois
ecstasy
SSRI’s
amphetamines

26
Q

serotonin syndrome treatment

A

cyproheptadine

27
Q

NMS treatment

A

dantrolene

28
Q

organophosphate poisoning

A

small pupils or miosis. also muscle fasciculation.

29
Q

buspirone , dextromethorphan, phenelzine, are all risk factors for

A

serotonin syndrome

30
Q

procyclidine is used in the treatment of

A

acute dystonias and drug induced extrapyramidal symptoms

31
Q

malignant hyperthermia caused by

A

anaesthetic agents

32
Q

malignant hyperthermia knonw for

A

muscle rigidity and hyperpyrexia

defect see on chromosome 19

inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion

33
Q

malignant hyperthermia is caused by

A

caused by excessive relsease of ca from the sarcoplasmic reticulum of skeletal muscle.

defect is on gene 19 that encodes the ryanodine receptor, which controls the ca release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum,

34
Q

malignant hyperthermia vs serotonin syndrome

A

ck raised

diagnoed by contracture tests with halothane and caffeine

35
Q

amiodarone induced thyrotoxicosis…….

A

type 1 seen in patients with underlying graves disease
type 2 seen in patients without underlying thyroid pathology

type 2 is the result of a toxic effect on thyroid follicular cells, that causes a destructive thyroiditis,

results in an excess relseaes of preformed t3 and t4 into the circulation,

patients eventually recover in type 2 after an intial thyrotoxic phase followed by hypotthyroid phase.

36
Q

AIT

A

treatment for

type 1 : potassium perchlorate, or carbimazole , goitre is usually seen in

type 2: corticosteroids, goitre is usually absent,

Toxicology Mrcp 2 (1 decks)

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